Bigitangira, ikinyamakuru cya Washington Post cyatangaje inkuru ya Gretchen Baldwin, yari ifite umutwe uvuga ko “Leta y’u Rwanda iri gukoresha kwibuka Jenoside mu nyungu za politiki”.
Abongereza n’Abanyamerika, kimwe n’itangazamakuru ryabo ‘ryigenga’, basa nk’abiyemeje ko guhakana Jenoside ari imwe mu nzira zo kubaka ubwiyunge bw’Abanyarwanda. Banza ufate umwanya ubitekerezeho.
Nka Baldwin, ashingiye ku ‘bushakashatsi’ avuga ko yikoreye, yashimangiye imvugo ze ku rugendo rw’ubumwe n’ubwiyunge mu Rwanda, aho yatangiranye inkuru y’ikinyoma cy’uko “Nyuma ya y’intambara iteye ubwoba yabaye mu minsi 100 ya jenoside mu 1994, u Rwanda rwakuye amoko mu mategeko yarwo”, n’ubwo atigeze atangaza amategeko yahereyeho mu kwemeza uwo mwanzuro.
Impamvu atabigarutseho ni uko ‘nta tegeko mu Rwanda rikuraho amako’, nk’uko umushakashatsi ufite inkomoko mu Rwanda na Uganda, Frederick Golooba-Mutebi yabitangaje, ko ‘kuba Umuhutu cyangwa Umututsi mu Rwanda bidahanwa n’amategeko’.
Yaranditse ati “Ubu ikitemewe mu Rwanda ni uko uwo ari we wese yakore ubwoko bwe mu gushyira mu muhezo cyangwa gutesha agaciro abandi bantu. Cyangwa kuba umuntu yakoreshwa ubwoko bwe nk’icyatuma yumva ko afite ibyo akwiriye kurusha abandi, cyangwa afite uburenganzira bw’umwihariko, budafitwe n’ubundi bwoko bw’abantu”.
Kimwe mu bintu biteye agahinda u Rwanda ruzakomeza guhangana na byo, ni abantu bavuga ko ari inararibonye ku bibera mu bihugu byabo, bihaye no kwigira intyoza mu mateka y’u Rwanda badasobanukiwe, bagashaka kwinjiza mu Banyarwanda ibitekerezo bipfuye. Gusa Baldwin ntiyarekeye aho mu kwishyira hanze.
Mu nkuru ye, yageze ubwo anavuga ko kwibuka Jenoside ndetse no gutanga ubuhamya kw’abayirokotse, ari ukugambanira gahunda ya ‘Ndi Umunyarwanda’, kuko “Ubwoko ari bwo mutima w’ubuhamya, amakinamico ndetse n’imbwirwaruhame” [bitambutswa mu biganiro byo kwibuka Abazize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994].
Ibi nanone ni ikindi kimenyetso cy’ubumenyi bucye Baldwin afite ku Rwanda. ‘Ndi Umunyarwanda’ ntiyigeze igenderera gukuraho amoko; ahubwo igamije gushimangira ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda, ari nabwo bazaheraho bongera kubaka igihugu cyabo.
Tekereza ubujiji buri mu cyifuzo cya Baldwin cy’uko abarokotse bazajya batanga ubuhamya bwabo batagaragaje impamvu itsinda ryabo ryahigwaga ngo rimarweho, bitagenda gutyo bakinumira kugira ngo ‘ubwiyunge’ bugerweho.
Ikindi gitangaje ni uko Baldwin atekereza ko hari ikintu kitagenda neza mu Rwanda kubera amahitamo y’Abanyarwanda yo kwanga gukoresha ijambo ‘Abahutu’, ahubwo hagakoreshwa ijambo ‘ry’abagize uruhare muri Jenoside’.
Bisa nk’aho atumva ko amahitamo yo gukoresha imvugo itandukanya abagize uruhare muri Jenoside n’Abahutu, ari kimwe mu bintu bisobanura neza Jenoside, kandi bikaba na kimwe mu bishyigikira gahunda y’ubumwe n’ubwiyunge kuko byereka buri wese ko atari Abahutu bose bagize uruhare muri Jenoside.
Baldwin kandi nyiyumva ko Leta za Amerika n’u Bwongereza, yanamaze kugaragaza imigambi yazo, zishobora kuba zifite uruhare mu bitero bigabwa ku bacitse ku icumu mu bihe byo kwibuka, binyuze mu gukwirakwiza ndetse no guha rugari ibikorwa byo guhakana Jenoside bicishwa mu nyandiko zo kwifatanya [n’u Rwanda mu bihe byo kwibuka], ndetse n’itangazamakuru, cyane cyane BBC y’u Bwongereza n’Ijwi rya Amerika ku ruhande rwa Amerika.
Jenoside ni ingingo ikomeye cyane ku buryo abantu badafite ubushobozi bwo kuyumva badakwiye kuyigarukaho, kugira ngo birinde kwijandika mu binyoma by’ubujiji birushaho kuyobya ababumva aho kubasobanurira neza uko ibintu byagenze.
Ariko icy’ingenzi cyane, ni uko umuntu udafite ubushobozi bwo kumva amahitamo y’Abanyarwanda adakwiye guhabwa urubuga rwo kuyasobanurira abantu batayazi.
Bimaze kugaragara ko ibyo Baldwin avuga bitumvikana, yagerageje guhindagura ibintu kugira ngo arebe ko hari aho byahurira. Nk’urugero, hari aho agira ati “Ibyo bikorwa byo kwibuka bigaragaza Abatutsi nk’abahigwaga ndetse n’abarokotse, akenshi byirengagiza Abahutu batari bashyigikiye Jenoside, [banahoze mu byiciro by’abibukwa], bakanicwa”.
Birumvikana ko nk’umushakashatsi, nk’uko abyiyita, yakabaye yaramenye imyanzuro y’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (ICTR), ndetse n’imyanzuro y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ku miterere n’imitegurire ya Jenoside hashingiwe ku bantu bahizwe ngo bicwe bamarweho.
Nk’uko tubyibuka mu ibaruwa yanditswe n’Uhagarariye u Rwanda mu Muryango w’Abibumbye (UN), ayandikira Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa UN kuwa 28 Mata 2020, Inteko y’ijurira ya ICTR, nko mu gihe ubushinjacyaha bwaburanaga na Karemera, Ngirumpatse na Nzirorera (mu rubanza rufite nimero ICTR-98-44-AR73 ©) yemeje ko “Ari ukuri kutagibwaho impaka ndetse ko bidasaba ibindi bimenyetso bidasanzwe” kugira ngo umuntu amenye ko “Hagati y’itariki ya 6 Mata na 17 Nyakanga, hari Jenoside mu Rwanda igamije kurandura ubwoko bw’Abatutsi”.
Bigomba rero kuba byumvikana neza kuri buri wese ushaka kwizerwa, akwiye kwemera ko nta bandi bagizweho ingaruka cyangwa abarokotse Jenoside batari mu itsinda ryari rigenderewe kugira ngo rimarweho.
Byongeye kandi, iyi baruwa igaragaza ko “U Rwanda rwagennye itariki ya 13 Mata nk’umunsi wo kwibuka abandi banyapolitiki kimwe n’abandi bantu batari mu itsinda ryahigwaga, ariko bishwe kuko barwanyije iyicwa ry’Abatutsi”. Muri macye, izi ngingo zombi ziruzuzanya.
Kwemera ko Jenoside yabayeho mu Rwanda yakorewe Abatutsi, ni ibihamya bikumira ko yazasubira kimwe no kugaragaza abandi bantu batari mu itsinda ryahigwaga, ariko umurava bagize wo kwitandukanya n’abagize uruhare muri Jenoside ukaba ukwiye kugarukwaho mu nzira yo kubaka ubumwe n’ubwiyunge.
U Bwongereza, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ndetse na Baldwin ntibumva aya mahame yoroshye kumva, ahubwo ubujiji bwabo kuri iyi ngingo buri gutiza umurindi abahakana Jenoside.
Niba itsinda Baldwin yita ‘Abahutu batagize uruhare muri Jenoside’ ryari rigambiriwe kwicwa, ntihari kubaho filime igaragaza Paul Rusesabagina, bivugwa ko atari ashyigikiye iyicwa ry’Abatutsi muri ibyo bihe, ari kurwana ku buzima bw’Abatutsi bari bahishe muri Hotel Milles Collines. Nawe ubwe yakabaye yarishwe bakimubona. Mu by’ukuri [abahakana] Jenoside si uko badafite ubwenge bwo gusobanukirwa ibyabayeho, gusa ntitwumva icyo bagamije muri ibyo bikorwa.
Ni ingenzi kwibukiranya ko ibi bikorwa byo guhakana Jenoside ari igice cya nyuma kigize icyaha cya Jenoside. Nk’uko abagize uruhare muri Jenoside bashinja RPF nayo kuyigiramo uruhare, na Baldwin ashinja Leta y’u Rwanda guhindura Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi igikoresho cya politiki kandi mu by’ukuri Imiryango Mpuzamahanga n’ibihugu, uretse u Bwongereza, Amerika n’ibinyakuru byabo, bigira uruhare mu kuniga ukuri ku mateka ya Jenoside ndetse no kwibuka, nk’uburyo bakoresha mu kwirinda isubirwamo rya Jenoside.
Mu yandi magambo, abafite umugambi wo guhakana Jenoside, nibo bayikoresha mu nyungu za politiki kandi ari ‘Ari ukuri kutagibwaho impaka ndetse ko bidasaba ibindi bimenyetso bidasanzwe, nk’uko inkiko mpuzamahanga zabyemeje. Rero abashyigikira ko Jenoside itazongera kubaho ukundi, bakagombye kumenya imyanzuro yafashwe n’inkiko ku birebana nayo.
Mu buryo bw’urwenya, nk’ubu u Bufaransa, buri kugarukwaho cyane ku ruhare bwagize muri Jenoside, busa nk’ubwasanzwe ibindi bihugu byiyemeje kurwanya ihakana rya Jenoside. Bitewe rero n’uko u Bwongereza na Amerika bihora byifuza kuziba icyuho cyashyizwe n’abandi, [kuri iyi nshuro bikaba ari u Bufaransa], basa nk’abiyemeje kongera kuziba icyo cyuho.
Impamvu ibi bihugu byafashe uyu murongo yakagombye kuzaba insanganyamatsiko y’ubushakashatsi bwa Baldwin mu bihe biri imbere.
