Mu myaka 27 ishize, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yashyize imbaraga mu kubaka igihugu cyari cyarasenywe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, hashyirwaho gahunda zo kwishakamo ibisubizo zigamije gufasha kongera kubaka igihugu gifitiwe icyizere n’amahanga.
Nk’igihugu cyari kimaze kubamo Jenoside, Guverinoma yihutiye gushaka uburyo bwakoreshwa ngo nibura abagize uruhare muri ayo mahano, haba mu kuyategura cyangwa kuyashyira mu bikorwa bagezwe imbere y’ubutabera. Hifashishijwe uburyo bwari busanzwe buzwi mu muco Nyarwanda aribwo Inkiko Gacaca.
Ni ibanga rishobera amahanga; uburyo Abanyarwanda bongeye kunga ubumwe ndetse n’uyu munsi abavuye iyo kure bakagera mu Rwagasabo batungurwa n’uburyo Abanyarwanda bunze ubumwe.
Umuyobozi w’Urwego rushinzwe Imfungwa n’Abagororwa muri Zambia [Zambia Correctional Service, ZCS], Dr Chisela Chileshe ni umugabo wo guhamya intambwe u Rwanda rwateye mu guteza imbere by’umwihariko urwego rushinzwe gufunga no kugorora abagaragayeho imyitwarire itari myiza nyuma bagasubizwa mu buzima busanzwe bagafatanya n’abandi kubaka igihugu.
Dr Chisela Chileshe wagiriye uruzinduko mu Rwanda hagati ya tariki 25-30 Mata 2021, yagiranye ikiganiro cyihariye na IGIHE agaruka ku bufatanye bw’ibihugu byombi binyuze mu rwego ahagarariye, amasomo yajyanye iwabo muri Zambia n’ibyo amahanga yakwigira ku Rwanda.
Muri uru ruzinduko; Komiseri Mukuru wa RCS, CG Marizamunda Juvénal na mugenzi we wa ZCS, Dr Chisela Chileshe, basinyanye amasezerano y’ubufatanye n’imikoranire mu kwita ku mfungwa n’abagororwa, hagamijwe no guharanira ko abajyanwa kugororwa bahindurwamo abantu bazima bashobora gutanga umusanzu mu kubaka ibihugu nyuma yo gufungurwa.
Dr Chileshe yanasuye gereza zitandukanye zo mu Rwanda, areba imikorere n’uburyo abazifungiyemo bitabwaho, bakagororwa. Uyu muyobozi kandi yasuye Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali ruri ku Gisozi asobanurirwa amateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ndetse anasura Ingoro Ndangamurage y’Urugamba rwo guhagarika Jenoside.
Amasomo akomeye yavanye i Kigali
Mbere y’Ubukoloni muri Afurika, ibihugu byo kuri uyu mugabane byari bifite uburyo bwo gutanga ubutabera. Nko mu gihugu, Abanyarwanda bakosheje bahanwaga hashingiwe ku buremere bw’ikosa cyangwa icyaha bakoze. Hari abihanangirizwaga, abatamazwaga biciye mu buvanganzo nk’indirimbo n’ibindi, hari n’abacibwaga amande.
Mu Rwanda kandi igihano cy’urupfu cyahabwaga umuntu wishe cyangwa wagambaniye igihugu. Umwami yashoboraga no gutanga ibindi bihano birimo kunyaga umutunzi bitewe n’ibyaha bikomeye yakoze.
Ibihugu byinshi byo muri Afurika by’umwihariko ibyakolonijwe n’u Bwongereza, u Bufaransa, u Bubiligi , u Budage n’ibindi, byashyiriweho amagereza ndetse n’uburyo bw’ibihano burahinduka, uwakoze ikosa [byaje kwitwa icyaha] akajyanwa ahantu agacumbikirwayo igihe runaka adafite bumwe mu burenganzira nk’ubw’abandi bantu.
Amabwiriza ngenderwaho y’ibanze y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye avuguruye arebana no gufata neza imfungwa n’abagororwa (yitiriwe Nelson Mandela), agaragaza imirongo fatizo ngenderwaho mu miyoborere myiza y’amagereza harimo no gukurikirana niba uburenganzira bw’imfungwa bwubahirizwa uko bikwiye.
Dr Chileshe yavuze ko akubiyemo ibintu byose birebana n’imiyoborere y’amagereza, akagaragaza n’ibipimo ngenderwaho by’ibanze byemeranyijweho mu gufata neza imfungwa n’abagororwa, byaba mu gihe cy’ifungwa ry’agateganyo cyangwa nyuma yo gukatirwa igifungo.
Ati “Byose bikorwa neza! Hari aho kuba heza, aho barara n’imyambaro ibaranga? Yego barabifite, hari ibyo kurya byiza? Yego barabifite, hari amazi meza, isuku n’isukura birahari? Yego barabifite, bahabwa ubutabera, bakajya mu nkiko bakunganirwa n’abanyamategeko? Yego birakorwa.”
Yakomeje agira ati “Bafite imodoka zibatwara iyo bibaye ngombwa? Yego barabifite, ubuvuzi? Yego barabufite. U Rwanda ruri kwihuta mu iterambere rijyanye no kwita ku mfungwa n’abagororwa, kandi rugakurikiza amategeko yitiriwe Mandela kandi ni ko byagakwiye kugenda n’ahandi.”
Dr Chileshe avuga ko mu rugendo yakoreye muri Gereza ya Rubavu n’iya Rwamagana yabonye ibigaragaza uburyo ikiremwamuntu gikwiye kuba gifatwa kuko n’ubwo baba bafunzwe ariko umunsi umwe baba bazasohoka kuko n’abakatiwe gufungwa burundu baba bafite amahirwe yo kuzafungurwa n’imbabazi za Perezida wa Repubulika.
Yagize ati “Impinduka twabonye mu kugorora no kwigisha abafunze, ziratangaje cyane. Gereza twasuye zerekanye uburyo ikiremwamuntu cyakabaye gifatwa, muri Zambia intego yacu ni uko duharanira ko dufunga abanyabyaha ariko tukabaha ubumenyi ku buryo mu gihe bazaba bafunguwe bazabashe kugaragaza impinduka mu muryango, kandi nabo biteze imbere banateze imbere igihugu cyabo binyuze mu bumenyi baba baraherewe muri gereza.”
Yakomeje agira ati “Ikintu cy’ingenzi nabonye hano mu Rwanda, ni uko abafunzwe ubwabo bafite ubushobozi bwo kwiyubakira ibikorwa remezo, ushobora kubibona ubwo twajyaga i Rubavu n’i Rwamagana twahasanze ibikorwa remezo byinshi byubatswe n’aba bafungwa n’abagororwa ndetse n’inyubako babamo zimwe nibo bazubatse.”
Dr Chileshe avuga kandi ko yasanze uburyo abafunzwe mu Rwanda bigishwa imyuga ndetse barangiza bagahabwa impamyabumenyi zitangwa n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Guteza imbere Imyuga, ari ikintu gikomeye kuko izi mpamyabumenyi bazifashisha bageze hanze bakabasha kwiteza imbere cyangwa gushaka imirimo.
Ati “By’umwihariko muri Gereza ya Rubavu twasanze bafite uburyo budasanzwe bwo gutunganya Biogaz hakoreshejwe imyanda n’ibisigazwa by’abantu. Bakoramo gaz igakoreshwa mu guteka, kurinda iyangirika ry’ikirere kandi imyanda iba yasigaye igakoreshwa mu buhinzi bw’imboga, bityo abafunzwe bakarya ibyo bihingiye.”
Yakomeje agira ati “Ni ibintu byiza bifasha mu kugabanya amafaranga Guverinoma yakoreshaga mu kubagurira ibyo kurya, ikindi twabonye ni isuku iba mu magereza yo mu Rwanda. Ibyo ni byo ntekereza ko ibijyanye no kugorora bitanga umusaruro mwiza.”
Dr Chileshe avuga ko icyo asaba Urwego rw’Imfungwa n’Abagororwa mu Rwanda by’umwihariko Perezida Paul Kagame ari ukongera umubare w’abacungagereza mu guharanira ko uru rwego rukomeza gutanga umusaruro mwiza ku buryo ba bandi bataha bavuye kugororwa, bakomeza kugera mu muryango barahindutse.
Ati “Icyo nsaba wenda kuri bagenzi banjye, abaturage muri rusange baba aba hano mu Rwanda cyangwa ab’iwacu muri Zambia, ni ukwemera ko serivisi zo kugorora zitangirwa mu magereza ari ukuri. Abantu dusohora bagahinduka abahoze bafunze, baba baragorowe kandi barahindutse ariko birashoboka ko umwe muri bo ashobora kugera hanze mu muryango akongera agakosa, ibyo nibibaho ntazitirirwe abandi bahindutse bose ngo bitume duca intege abacungagereza.”
Yakomeje agira ati “Ikindi nasaba ubuyobozi bwiza bwa Perezida Kagame ni ugufasha bagenzi bacu kongera umubare w’abacungagereza kuko ibipimo mpuzamahanga ku bafungwa biteganya ko umucungagereza umwe aba agomba gucunga abafungwa bane. Ariko turabizi ko tudafite ubushobozi nibura twagakwiye kugira umwe kuri batandatu.”
Ubutumwa ku Banyarwanda!
Ku munsi wa nyuma w’uruzinduko rwe, Umuyobozi w’Urwego Rushinzwe Imfungwa n’Abagororwa muri Zambia, Dr Chisela Chileshe n’itsinda bari kumwe basuye Ingoro Ndangamateka y’Urugamba rwo guhagarika Jenoside iherereye ku Kimihurura.
Dr Chisela Chileshe n’itsinda bari kumwe basobanuriwe impamvu nyamukuru yatumye FPR Inkotanyi itangiza urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda n’uko yaje guhagarika Jenoside yakorerwaga Abatutsi mu 1994.
Yabwiye IGIHE ko nyuma yo gusura Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali ruri ku Gisozi ndetse akabasha no gusobanurirwa amateka yishimiye cyane gusura iyi ngoro.
Ati “Twanabonye aho umugambi w’iterambere wavuye nyuma yo kubohora igihugu no guhagarika abashakaga kurimbura ibiremwamuntu bagenzi babo muri iki gihugu.”
Yakomeje agira ati “Twanabonye ko gukunda igihugu bishoboka gusa iyo abantu babiharaniye bakamenya amateka y’ibyabaye mu gihugu cyabo kuva mu myaka ya 1950 kugeza by’umwihariko mu 1994 ubwo Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yabaga.”
Dr Chileshe yavuze ko icyo yumva yakora ari ugushishikariza abatuye Isi gusura u Rwanda bakibonera ndetse bagasobanurirwa amateka igihugu cyanyuzemo by’umwihariko aya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Ati “Gukunda igihugu bituma igihugu gitera imbere, [Banyarwanda] mukunde igihugu cyanyu, ntimuzakigambanire n’ubwo nta gihugu gishobora kuba neza uko ubyifuza ariko dukomeza kugenda duhindura ibitagenda neza kandi turi kubona iterambere ryihuse muri iki gihugu cyanyu cy’u Rwanda.”
Dr Chileshe uvuga ko yaherukaga mu Rwanda mu myaka yashize ubwo yagarukaga yatunguwe n’iterambere igihugu kigezeho nyuma y’amateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi cyanyuzemo.
