Uretse kuba Karisimbi iheruka kuruka mbere y’ivuka rya Yezu, ni ikirunga cyahitanye abantu, kikagira ikiyaga kigira ingano y’amazi ihoraho, hatitawe ku bihe by’imvura cyangwa izuba. Bitewe n’uko kiri ahirengeye, iki kirunga gihorana ubukonje igihe cyose.
Karisimbi iherereye mu Majyaruguru y’Iburengerazuba bw’u Rwanda, ku mupaka uruhuza na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.
Izengurutswe n’imisozi myinshi irimo uwa Bisoke mu Burasirazuba, Mikeno mu Majyaruguru yacyo ndetse n’Ikirunga cya Nyiragongo mu Burengerazuba bwacyo, iki kikaba ari kimwe mu birunga bikiruka ndetse ubwa nyuma bikaba byari ejo bundi ku wa 22 Gicurasi uyu mwaka.
Nubwo bitazwi neza igihe umusozi wa Karisimbi wavumburiwe n’amateka yayo mu gihe cy’abami ariko hari ibintu byihariye birangwa kuri uyu musozi.
Ikirunga cya Karisimbi giheruka kuruka mbere ya Yezu
Ikirunga cya Karisimbi giheruka kuruka mu myaka 8050 mbere ya Yezu, kibarizwa mu birunga byazimye bitakiruka.
Uyu musozi ufite uburebure bwa metero 4.519, ni uwa 7 mu misozi miremire muri Afurika ndetse ukaba ari wo musozi muremure mu misozi y’uruhererekane rw’ibirunga, iherereye muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba izwi ku izina rya ‘Mufumbiro’.
Imyinshi muri iyi misozi ntikiruka uretse Nyiragongo na Nyamuragira biherereye muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo. Umusozi ukuze muri yo ni Sabyinyo iri hagati y’u Rwanda, Uganda na Congo.
Izina Karisimbi ryaturutse ku ijambo ry’Ikinyarwanda ‘Amasimbi’ bitewe n’urubura ruhora ku gasongero k’uyu musozi.
Impamvu Karisimbi ihorana urubura
Haba mu gihe cy’imvura cyangwa icy’izuba, umusozi wa Karisimbi uhabona urubura ruzengurutse uyu musozi, ibintu bigaragaza ubukonje bukabije buba kuri uyu musozi, buhora munsi ya dogere Celsius zero mu gitondo ndetse no mu ijoro.
Ubusanzwe, iyo umuyaga ugeze ku musozi, ubura inzira ukazamuka. Iyo uzamutse ugenda ukonja, ari na ko ukora ibicu, bigatuma iyo ugeze hejuru bisa nk’aho utwikiriye umusozi.
Mu 1908 iki kirunga cyahtanye abashakashatsi
Kuba iki kirunga giheruka kuruka mbere ya Yezu, ntibikuraho kuba nta bantu cyahitanye.
Ku itariki ya 27 Gashyantare mu 1908, itsinda ry’abashakashatsi b’Abadage ryari riyobowe n’uwitwa Egon Von Kirschstein ryahuye n’uruva gusenya ubwo ryamanukaga ku kirunga rigana ku kiyaga gihari kitwa ‘Caldeira Branca’.
Iri tsinda ryari riri gufatanya n’umushakashatsi wamenyekanye cyane mu Budage, Duke Adolf Friedrich wa Mecklenburg, wanavumbuye ibice byinshi bya Afurika, aho bari bagiye gukora ubushakashatsi ku miterere y’ibirunga bikiruka biherereye mu Burasirazuba bwa Afurika.
Mu ibaruwa yo ku wa 5 Werurwe 1908 yanditswe na Kirschstein wari uyoboye iryo tsinda, yagize iti “Twari mu nzira turi kujya aho dukambitse, munsi y’umusozi. Kuko aho twari turi hari hegereye Caldeira Branca, byadusabaga nk’amasaha atatu gusa ngo tuhagere, twafashe icyemezo cyo kujyayo ndetse tumanuke tujyemo imbere muri icyo kiyaga turebe.”
“Muri icyo kiyaga ntabwo hari harehare, twinjiyemo, tumaze kurenga nka kimwe cya kabiri cy’ubujyakuzimu bwacyo hafi y’aho kigarukira, ntitwamenye uko bigenze, tubona ikirere kirahindutse, inkuba zirakubita, hagwa amahindu menshi cyane avanze n’urubura, ibintu mu buzima bwanjye ntigeze mbona.”
Kirschstein akomeza avuga ko batiyumvishaga ko ibyo bintu byabaho muri Afurika cyane ko ntaho bari barabibonye. Ati “Byari nk’Ijuru ritugwiririye.”
Nyuma y’iryo sanganya hari ababashije kurokoka ariko abandi 20 babura ubuzima. Yagize ati “Abantu 20 bishwe n’urubura, ndetse intoki za benshi zafashe mu isayo ry’icyo kiyaga. Biragoye gusobanura ibyatubayeho.”
Ubwo ibi byabaga hari ku ngoma y’umwami Yuhi V Musinga, nyuma y’igihe gito abazungu bageze mu Rwanda.
Ikiyaga kiri kuri Karisimbi ntikijya gikama cyangwa ngo cyiyongere
Karisimbi igizwe n’ibyobo byinshi byagiye bikorwa ubwo iki kirunga cyarukaga. Icyobo kinini muri byo ni iki cyiswe Caldeira Branca kirimo amazi atajya akama cyangwa ngo yiyongere nubwo hava izuba cyangwa hakagwa imvura nyinshi.
Ibi byemezwa n’abaturiye iki kiyaga ndetse bavuga ko gifitanye isano n’imyizerere gakondo y’Abanyarwanda cyane ko cyiswe ‘Mu ntango’, ikaba ari intango bitirira Ryangombe.
Umwe mu baturage baganiriye na RBA ubwo umunyamakuru wayo yasuraga iki Kirunga mu 2016, yaragize ati “Icyo tuzi rero ni uko batubwira ko iyi ntango mubona hasi harimo amazi, bavuga ko aya mazi afite ihuriro n’ikiyaga cya Kivu. Impamvu bavuga ibyo bintu rero, murabona uyu musozi uturukamo amazi menshi aza muri iyi ntango, ariko mu gihe cy’imvura aya mazi ntabwo ajya yiyongera no mu gihe cy’izuba ntabwo ashobora kugabanuka.”
“Nkuko nanone tubyumvana abantu badutanze kubona izuba, batubwira ko iyi ari intango. Ntabwo bahegera, iyi ni intango ya Ryangombe.”
Uyu musozi ufite byinshi biteye amatsiko, ni yo mpamvu uzamukwa n’abatari bake bibavunnye ariko bakiyemeza kujya kureba ibyiza biwutatse no guca agahigo kuzamuka metero 4 519.
Kuzamuka Karisimbi bifata amasaha icyenda
Kurira umusozi wa Karisimbi si ibintu byorohera buri wese, kuko kuwuzamuka ubwabyo bisaba kwiyemeza ukirukana ubunebwe.
Nubwo kuzamuka Karisimbi bisaba amasaha icyenda ariko, uyu musozi uzamukwa mu minsi ibibiri, kuko ku munsi wa mbere abawuzamuka bazamuka amasaha atandatu, bagahagarara mu kigereranyo nk’icya metero 3700, maze bakarara aho ubundi bagakomeza urugendo ku munsi ukurikira bagana ku gasongero ka Karisimbi.
Iyo umuntu ahagaze ku gasongero k’uyu musozi, aba yitegeye bya birunga bikikije Karisimbi harimo na Nyiragongo yo muri Congo iheruka kuruka mu cyumweru gishize. Uretse ibyo kuri aka gasongero haba n’amabuye y’amakoro aba yaratewe n’iruka ry’ikirunga.
Igihe cy’imvura si igihe cyiza cyo kuzamuka uyu musozi kubera ibyondo n’ubukonje bwinshi bishobora kubangamira urugendo. Ndetse ibihu byinshi bishobora gutuma utareba ibyiza byawo cyangwa ngo ubashe kubona ibindi biwukikije.
Igihe cyiza cyo kuzamuka Karisimbi ni muri Mutarama, Gashyantare, Werurwe, Nyakanga, Kanama, Nzeri n’Ukwakira mu gihe cy’izuba cyangwa imvura nkeya.
Uzamuka umusozi agomba kuba yitwaje imyenda y’imbeho, uturindantoki, ibyo kurya cyangwa kunywa n’ibindi. Uwitwaje ibikoresho bitandukanye nka camera, inkoni n’ibindi, akumva atari bubigezeyo acibwa 20$ kugira ngo bamutwaze.
Ku gasongero ka Karisimbi hubatse umunara wa metero 40
Uyu munara wa metero 40 wubatse hejuru kuri Karisimbi watangiye kubakwa mu mwaka wa 2009 ugamije kujya ufasha abawuturiye kumva radio, koroshya itumanaho ndetse no gukoresha ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bitandukanye.
Gusa imirimo yo kuwubaka igenda idindira, ariko nyuma biza kugaragara ko utazagirira akamaro u Rwanda gusa ahubwo uzanafasha ibihugu biri mu Muryango w’Ibihugu bya Afurika yo hagati n’iburasirazuba (COMESA). Bituma ibikorwa byo kuwubaka bishyirwamo ingufu mu kuwihutisha.
Mu mwaka wa 2011 nibwo Banki Nyafurika Itsura Amajyambere, BAD, yahaye inkunga COMESA ingana na miliyoni 8.5$ [arenga miliyari 8.4 Frw] yo kurangiza kubaka uyu munara, kuko wari kugira uruhare mu gucunga ikirere n’ingendo z’indege zica mu Karere ka COMESA, cyane ko wari kujya wifashishwa mu gutanga amakuru y’indege mpuzamahanga zishaka gukoresha icyo kirere.
Kuri ubu uyu munara ufite akamaro kanini cyane ku batuye mu Turere twa Nyabihu, Musanze na Rubavu, kuko ubafasha kumva radio neza no kureba Television, bagakoresha ibikoresho by’itumanaho ku buryo bworoshye n’ibindi.
Karisimbi ifite ibyiza nyaburanga byinshi, yegereye ahubatse ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya Karisoke Research Center kirimo n’imva ya Dian Fossey, wagize uruhare runini cyane mu kwita ku ngagi.
