Intara ya Cabo Delgado ifite ubuso bungana na 82.625, ukoze imibare wasanga iruta u Rwanda inshuro 3,1. Mu 2017 byabarwaga ko ituwe n’abaturage barenga miliyoni 2,3.
Ni yo yakabaye ikize mu ntara 11 zigize Mozambique kuko ifite umutungo kamere mwinshi wa gaz ari na byo byatumye TotalEnergies ihashora asaga miliyari 20 z’amadolari ashobora kwiyongera akagera kuri miliyari 50$ mu mushinga wiswe LNG, Liquefied Natural Gas.
Gusa ni yo ntara ikennye kurusha izindi, irimo abaturage ba mbarubukeye kandi niyo irimo umutekano muke kurusha izindi zose. Wakwibaza uti byagenze bite? Byagenze bite ngo yibasirwe n’imitwe y’iterabwoba? Ese yashakaga uwo mutungo kamere? Kuki ibikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi byafashe indi ntera?
Umutwe w’iterabwoba urwanira muri Mozambique mu Ntara ya Cabo Delgado witwa “Ahlu Sunnah Wa-Jama” gusa imbere mu gihugu abaturage bawita “Al Shabaab”.
Bibarwa ko abaturage barenga 3000 ari bo bamaze kwicwa n’ibyo byihebe, mu gihe abavuye mu byabo bo barenga ibihumbi 700. Gusa Guverineri w’Intara ya Cabo Delgado, Valige Taliabo, aherutse kubwira IGIHE ko nubwo habarurwa abo n’abandi ntawe uzi aho baherereye.
Ku ikubitiro nk’intara irimo abaturage bakennye, abasesenguzi n’abakurikiranye ibibazo byayo, bahuriza ku kuba kuva na kera yasaga n’aho ititaweho mbere y’uko ivumburwamo gas.
N’ikimenyimenyi mu Karere ka Palma, ishuri rya mbere ryafunguwemo ry’amashuri yisumbuye, ryatangiye mu 2017, bivuze ko mbere abanyeshyuri baho batigaga uko bikwiriye.
Emidio Jozine, ni Umunya-Mozambique. Mu buzima busanzwe ni umunyamakuru ukorera ibitangazamakuru mpuzamahanga. Yaganiriye na IGIHE ku mbarutso y’ibibazo byashegeshe iyi ntara n’imvo n’imvano yabyo.
Bwa mbere ibibazo bitangira kuvugwa hari mu 2017 nubwo byari byaratutumbye mbere, abaturage ni bwo batangiye guhunga, ni bwo batangiye kwicwa bicishijwe imipanga.
Ati “Ni bwo twatangiye kwibaza ngo ni bande? Ntabwo twigeze tubona amasura yabo, ntabwo tuzi ngo bashaka iki ndetse ntibigeze banasaba Guverinoma kuganira na yo ngo bayibwire icyo bashaka. Rero abantu batangiye guhunga, ibyo byihebe muri iyo myaka ni bwo byatangiye kuza mu ijoro, bigatwika inzu, bikica abantu, abantu bagahunga.”
Iyo uganiriye n’umuturage wo muri Mozambique kuri iki kibazo cya Cabo Delgado, ni ibyo akubwira. Nta kirenze ibyo, ntabwo ajya akubwira ngo abo bantu ni aba n’aba bashaka iki.
Ku rundi ruhande, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ziherutse gutangaza umugabo witwa “Bonomade Machude Omar” uzwi nka “Abu Sulayfa Muhammad” na Ibn Omar nk’abayobozi b’uyu mutwe.
Hari bamwe mu bashinzwe umutekano bo muri Mozambique babwiye IGIHE ko aba bantu atari bo bayobora iyi mitwe, ndetse hari n’umuturage wavuze ko umwe muri aba amuzi “kuko ari kavukire mu gace ka Palma” mu gihe abawutangije bo baturuka mu mahanga.
Bamwe mu barwanyi bawo baba bavuga Igiswahili ndetse bafite n’inyandiko zo mu Giswahili. Iyo bica, baba bavuga ngo “Allah Akbar”, hanyuma bagakata abantu imitwe bakayimanika ahirengeye, abagabo bakabakata n’ubugabo bwabo.
Mu 2017 ubwo ibyo bikorwa byakazaga umurego, mu gihugu hatangiye kumvikana amajwi y’uko hari abantu baturuka mu mahanga, bagashyira mu majwi Tanzania, ko ari bo bari inyuma y’ibyo bikorwa.
Jozine nk’umunyamakuru na we yakunze kubyumva kenshi. Asobanura ko abo bantu bahaga abaturage amafaranga kugira ngo babiyungeho, bajye mu muri uwo mutwe.
Ati “Barakura, batangira gukoresha imbunda zikomeye, batangira kwica abasirikare ba leta, batangira gutwara intwaro zabo, imodoka zabo. Ibintu byatangiye gukomera.”
Muri icyo gihe ngo igisirikare cya Mozambique cyatangiye kugira impungenge, kivuga ko kigiye kurwanya abo bantu mbere y’uko ibibazo bifata indi ntera.
Ikiganiro twagiranye na Jozine
IGIHE: Hari abasirikare mwigeze muvugana muri icyo gihe wagiye nko gutara inkuru?
Jovine: Inshuro nyinshi nahuriye mu gace ka Macomia n’abasirikare bacu, bati ibi bintu biri gufata indi ntera, bati dukwiriye gushaka uko tubikumira mbere y’uko biba ikibazo gikomeye. Ubu ni ikibazo gikomeye.
Ibikorwa byo kurwanya iyo mitwe byahise bitangira?
Nk’umunya-Mozambique, ndibwira ko ahari Guverinoma yacu yatekereza ko bizakemuka, bizahagarara. Ariko ntabwo byigeze bihagarara.
Abantu batangiye guhungira mu bindi bice by’igihugu kuko bari bafite impungenge, izo nyeshyamba zatwikaga ibice byose, zaratwikaga mu bice bya Macomia, Palma, Mocimboa da Praia, Chisanga, Nangade, n’utundi turere. Buri wese yari afite ubwoba.
Igitero gikomeye waba wibuka ni ikihe?
Igitero cyagabwe muri Palma [werurwe 2020] ni cyo cyari kinini, gikomeye. Navuganye n’abantu bampaye inkuru, bambwira ko izo nyeshyamba icyo gihe zaje zambaye impuzankano y’igisirikare cya Mozambique, abantu babanza gutekereza ko baje kubatabara, bati aba ni intwari zacu.
Gusa ubwo abantu bababonaga neza, basanze atari bo kuko bari bafite amabendera ya Al Shabaab, bavuga indimi batazi. Ubwo ni ubuhamya nahawe n’abantu nahuye na bo mu nkambi. Bati abantu barishwe, abandi barashimutwa…
Usibye gushimuta, kwica no kwangiza imitungo nta kindi izo nyeshyamba zikora?
Abo twaganiriye ni ababyeyi babuze ibintu byose, ababashije gucika, ababuze abana babo, abasambanyijwe n’ibindi.
Ugeze Macomia, ukabona ukuntu umujyi wabaye amatongo burundu wakwibaza uti ni iki kiri kuba mu Majyaruguru ya Mozambique, ni ikibazo nanjye nk’umunyamakuru nibaza, nkibaza nti aba bantu ni bande, bashaka iki? Bakura he imbunda? Ni ikibazo gikomeye.
Abo bashimutaga ni bantu ki? Bagenderaga kuki?
Ubuhamya nabonye ni uko iyo bageze mu gace runaka bica abagabo, abo babona ko bashobora gushyira mu mitwe yabo barabatwara, barabashimuta. Birumvikana bakeneye n’abantu bo kubitaho, ni yo mpamvu batwara abagore.
Bakeneye abantu bo guteka, bo gukora isuku, bakeneye abantu bo gukora akazi ka buri munsi gasanzwe. Ikindi kandi bakeneye abagore kuko bakeneye gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina.
Bivugwa ko batwara abakobwa beza gusa…
Yego. Hari inkuru nagiye numva z’abagore batorotse. Umwe ngo ni uko yari mubi, byaramutunguye cyane kuko yahuye n’aba bagabo, abantu batagira impuhwe. Hanyuma baramutwara we n’inshuti ze, we yari mubi, ariko inshuti ze ntizari mbi ku isura.
Bageze aho uwo mubi bamusubiza inyuma, bajya impaka bati reka tumurase bageze aho bemeza ko bamureka. Mu buhamya bwe yari anejejwe no kuba ari mubi, kuko nibura kuba ari umukobwa mubi byatumye abaho.
Ariko abandi bakobwa ntabwo bigeze bagira ayo mahirwe. Hari abandi bagore bari bari kwambuka umugezi wa Rovuma bashaka kujya muri Tanzania. Ngo bari kumwe n’abo barwanyi, umwe muri bo yaje kugira amahirwe aza kubona uko atoroka, ariruka yinjira mu gihuru agira amahirwe ntibamukurikira. Ni inkuru nyinshi nagiye mbona.
Nta bagabo mwigeze muganira barokotse ibyo bitero?
Hari umugabo wo muri Macomia, yari avuye Afungi agiye mu kiruhuko. Hari mu Ukuboza. Yagiye Pemba aho aba, mu nzira agana Macomia, imodoka yarimo barayiteze abantu batangira kwicwa.
Isasu ryishe umugore wari wicaye iruhande rwe, imodoka irahagarara abantu bavamo binjira mu gihuru bashaka aho bihisha, mu nzira agenda, umusore wari inyuma ye baramurasa amugwa hejuru.
Izo nyeshyamba zaraje zitangira kurasa no gutwika, ariko kubera ko hari umurambo wari wamuguyeho yabashije kurokoka. Ntabwo yahumekaga, nta muntu wamwumvaga.
Yambwiye uburyo umuyobozi w’izo nyeshyamba yaje akavuga ati bose twabishe, bakagenda barasa n’abo bari barashe mbere. We yarokowe n’uko hejuru ye hari umurambo.
Baragarutse ngo barebe niba abantu bose bishwe, akomeza kwihisha mu mirambo kugeza ubwo igisirikare cyaje, akumva za kajugujugu bakamutabara.
Ubwo igitero cyabereye Palma cyabaga, yari yagarutse mu kazi, agendera ku mbago. Mu gihe yajyaga kureba niba yasinya amasezerano, izo nyeshyamba zaragarutse, abimenye agira inama abantu bari kumwe bati tujye kwihisha. Ku nshuro ya gatatu ararokoka.
We na bagenzi be bagiye munsi ya kontineri, bihishamo, bazimya imashini zose. Izo nyeshyamba zije zirasa ahantu hose, zitwara imodoka n’ibindi. Yarokotse ubugira gatatu. Ibaze ukuntu ari umunyahirwe, tugiye Pemba wamubona.
Uzi umubare nibura w’abantu baba bamaze kwicwa n’izi nyeshyamba?
Ni benshi pe, abantu benshi barishwe.
Uba mu Mujyi wa Maputo, ni kure ya Cabo Delgado. Abantu baho bakiriye bate kuba Ingabo z’u Rwanda ziri kugira uruhare mu kugarura amahoro muri aka gace?
Icya mbere ni uko abantu bo mu bice byibasiwe n’ibi bitero, icyo bashaka cya mbere ni ubutaka bwabo. Barashaka gukomeza gukora ibyo bakoraga mbere, urumva barakubwira bati, “turashaka gusubira mu buzima bwacu bwari busanzwe, turashaka ubutaka bwacu, nta bindi bidasanzwe dushaka”.
Kubera ubu bufatanye hagati y’igisirikare cy’u Rwanda na Mozambique, abantu bafite icyizere, barishimye. Ndibwira ko Guverinoma yakoze igikorwa gikomeye ihamagara Abanyarwanda, n’abandi basirikare ba SADC ariko by’umwihariko Abanyarwanda.
Impamvu ni uko icyiza cyo kuba Abanyarwanda bahari, tubona ibyo bakora, ntabwo ari ibintu twumva, oya turabibona. Abantu ubu bafite icyizere.
Utekereza ko hari icyo Guverinoma ya Mozambique yagakwiriye kuba yarakoze neza kurushaho mu gukumira ko ibintu bifata indi ntera?
Ndatekereza ko mu ntangiriro bari kuba bagize icyo bakora bakabihagarika, bakajya aho bibera bakabihagarika.
Iyo umwana wawe atangiye gukubagana mu rugo ubimubuza hakiri kare [...] iyo utabikoze, arabikurana bikazageza igihe udashobora kubimubuza. Ariko iyo umubujije mu ntangiriro ntabwo ubibona iyo akuze.
Nk’Umunya-Mozambique, ndatekereza Guverinoma yari kuba yarabihagaritse hakiri kare kuko dufite ubushobozi. Dufite igisirikare, dufite Marines, dufite za kajugujugu, dufite ibifaru…
Ingabo za Mozambique zifite imyitozo ihagije?
Yego, nagize amahirwe yo gutara inkuru zijyanye n’imyitozo ya gisirikare, yaba Cabo Delgado, nabonye bahabwa imyitozo ikomeye. Wenda birashoboka ko baba ari bake, ariko barashoboye.
Icyo abashinzwe umutekano bavuga kuri iyi mitwe
Hari umwe mu bantu bamaze imyaka 17 muri Mozambique twaganiriye. Ni umugabo ushinzwe Ibikorwa by’uburinzi bw’abakozi ba Sosiyete ya Vodacom, nka kimwe mu bigo by’itumanaho bikomeye muri Afurika, kikaba na kimwe muri bibiri bikorera muri Mozambique.
Yansobanuriye ko imikorere y’aba barwanyi itandukanye n’iya Islamic State cyangwa se Al Shabaab. Iyi mitwe yindi, usanga ikunze gukora amatangazo avuga ibikorwa byayo, ikayashyira ku mbuga za internet.
Ibyo binajyana n’ibindi bikorwa byo kwivuga imyato ku buryo usanga nk’abayobozi bayo bazwi, gusa kuri aba bo muri Mozambique, nta na kimwe bakora muri ibyo.
Nta muntu urabavugisha, barwana bihishe kandi bagakorera mu matsinda. Bashobora nko kwinjira mu gace, bakica abantu nta muntu wigeze ubamenya.
Aho bageze hose uba usanga ari nk’abantu batarenze icumi, bagenda mu gakundi gato nko mu ishyamba ariko bakagira ahantu bahurira.
Uwo twaganiriye yambwiye ko umunsi umwe yababonye akoresheje drone. Icyo gihe ngo bagendaga mu ishyamba banyonyomba mu matsinda ariko baza guhurira ahantu hamwe.
Gen Maj Innocent Kabandana uhuza ibikorwa by’Ingabo z’u Rwanda ziri muri Mozambique yabwiye IGIHE ko bamwe mu barwanyi b’iyi mitwe y’iterabwoba, baturuka mu bihugu bya kure, atari abenegihugu.
Ati "Abenshi ni abo muri iki gihugu, ni abenegihugu b’iki gihugu, ariko mu buyobozi bwabo hari abantu bava mu bihugu bitandukanye byo muri Afurika, banatubwiye ko hashobora kuba harimo abantu bava mu Burengerazuba bw’Isi baza kubatera inkunga. Nta gihamya gifatika ariko ayo makuru turayafite."
Kugeza ubu, ibice binini byari byarigaruriwe n’izi nyeshyamba byamaze kugaruka mu maboko y’igisirikare cya leta nyuma y’urugamba rukomeye rwashojwe n’Ingabo z’u Rwanda. Ubu imirwano iri kubera mu duce twa Siri I na Sir II nyuma y’uko mu cyumweru gishize, agace ka Mbau abo barwanyi bari barahungiyemo ubwo bateshwaga icyicaro gikuru cyabo cya Mocimbao da Praia nako kabohowe n’Ingabo z’u Rwanda.
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