Icyakora, ni ibikorwa byagiye bikomwa mu nkokora n’ibibazo bitandukanye birimo ihangana rikomeye mu rwego rw’ingendo zo mu kirere n’ihungabana ryatewe n’icyorezo cya Covid-19.
Amafaranga akoreshwa kugira ngo iki kigo gikomeze ibikorwa byacyo, aturuka mu ngengo y’imari y’u Rwanda, ndetse nko mu ngengo y’imari y’umwaka ushize, Leta yari yashoyemo miliyari 145 Frw.
Nubwo ibijyanye n’ingendo z’indege byakomwe mu nkokora muri iyi minsi, RwandAir ni ishoramari Leta idashobora kureka kuko rifasha ubukungu cyane. Nk’igihugu kidakora ku nyanja, RwandAir igira uruhare rufatika mu koroshya ingendo z’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga n’ibitumizwayo mu buryo bwihuse.
Iki kigo kandi ni ingenzi mu gufasha ba mukerarugendo kugera mu Rwanda, ari na yo mpamvu mbere y’icyorezo cya Covid-19, ubukerarugendo bwari bumaze kugera ku mwanya wa mbere mu nzego zinjiriza igihugu amadovize menshi.
Mu rwego rwo kucyongerera ubushobozi, Leta y’u Rwanda yatangiye amasezerano y’ubufatanye n’ikigo cya Qatar Airways, kiri ku mwanya wa mbere ku Isi mu bigo bitanga serivisi nziza zo gutwara abantu mu kirere.
Umuyobozi Mukuru wa RwandAir, Yvonne Makolo, yabwiye CNBC ko ibiganiro byo guhuza ibi bigo byombi birimbanyije ku buryo Qatar Airways izahabwa imigabane ingana na 49% muri RwandAir.
Yagize ati “Turacyari mu nzira zo kurangiza ibiganiro by’ubufatanye, aho Qatar Airways izafata 49% by’imigabane ya RwandAir, ibyo ntabwo biremezwa neza ariko turacyabiganiraho.”
Hejuru y’icyorezo cya Covid-19, indi mpamvu ikomeye yari yadindije ibiganiro ku mpande zombi, ni uko Leta y’u Rwanda yari yabanje kumvikana na Qatar Airways ku bijyanye n’ikibuga cy’indege cya Bugesera, kandi amasezerano hagati y’impande zombi akaba yaramaze gusinywa, igikurikiyeho akaba ari amasezerano hagati y’ibigo by’indege by’ibihugu byombi.
Ati “Ni urugendo rurerure, twari turajwe ishinga no kubanza kurangiza amasezerano yo kubaka ikibuga cy’indege, kandi twarayarangije ndetse imirimo yo kubaka irakomeje, aho Qatar ifite 60% by’ikibuga cy’indege cya Bugesera. Ubwo rero twarangije amasezerano areba ikibuga cy’indege, ubu turi gushyira imbaraga mu [kunoza amasezerano] hagati y’ibigo by’indege byombi. Byatindijwe n’icyorezo cya Covid-19 ariko ibiganiro birakomeje kandi biri kugenda neza.”
Amakuru avuga ko imirimo yo kubaka ikibuga cy’indege cya Bugesera igeze hejuru ya 35% nyuma y’aho igishushanyo mbonera kivuguruye kibonekeye. Iki kibuga gifite agaciro ka miliyari 1.3$, kikazubakwa mu bice bibiri, byose bizarangira gifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira abantu miliyoni 14 ku mwaka, ibikigira kimwe mu bibuga by’indege binini mu Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari.
Ni ubufatanye buzahindura ubwikorezi muri Afurika
Muri Gashyantare 2020, ubwo Al Baker, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Qatar Airways yatangazaga imikoranire mishya hagati ya RwandAir n’ikigo ayoboye, yatanze impamvu zatumye bashima imikoranire na RwandAir, avuga ko ‘ahantu igihugu kiri, umutekano n’uburyo cyorohereza ishoramari’, ari bimwe mu byabakuruye.
Ku rundi ruhande ariko, Qatar Airways yanakuruwe cyane n’imbaraga Leta ishora muri RwandAir ‘ifatwa nka kimwe mu bigo biri gukurana ingoga ku Mugabane wa Afurika’.
Nko mu 2013, RwandAir yatwaye abagenzi ibihumbi 408, baza kugera ku bihumbi 885 mu 2017 ndetse bikavugwa mbere ya Covid-19, iki kigo cyatwaraga abagenzi bakabakaba miliyoni ku mwaka. Ibijyanye n’amafaranga yinjira na yo yarazamutse kuko yavuye kuri miliyoni 91.6$ mu 2013, akagera kuri miliyoni 221.6$ mu 2018.
Bitandukanye n’ibindi bigo bikora ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere ku Mugabane wa Afurika no hanze yayo, isoko ry’ibanze rya RwandAir, ni Afurika nyirizina. Mu byerekezo 26 bya RwandAir, bitandatu byonyine nibyo byerekeza mu mijyi iri hanze ya Afurika birimo icya Londres, Bruxelles, Tel Aviv, Dubai, Mumbai na Guangzhou mu Bushinwa.
Nk’uko bigaragara, RwandAir ishyize imbaraga cyane mu kongera ibikorwa byayo ku isoko rya Afurika, ndetse Makolo yavuze ko iri soko rifite amahirwe menshi y’iterambere.
Isoko rya Afurika ni isoko ritanga icyizere cyane mu bijyanye n’ingendo zo mu kirere, kuko mbere y’umwaduko wa Covid-19, ryari ryitezweho kujya rizamuka ku kigero cya 5.9% buri mwaka mu myaka 20 iri imbere.
Nubwo bimeze bitya ariko, Qatar Airways ntabwo yakunze kwita cyane ku isoko rya Afurika, kuko mu ngendo zirenga 170 ikora, 20 gusa nizo zerekeza muri Afurika, enye muri zo zikerekeza muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba.
Ni mu gihe ibigo nka Turkish Airways bihanganye na Qatar Airways, bimaze gukuba gatatu umubare w’ibyerekezo bikoreramo ingendo muri Afurika, aho byavuye kuri 18 bikaba bimaze kugera kuri 56 mu myaka 10 ishize.
Mu kiganiro aherutse kugira na Simple Flying muri Gicurasi, Al Baker yavuze ko Afurika ari isoko Qatar Airways iri kurebaho cyane, anaca amarenga ko ari imwe mu mpamvu bahisemo gukorana na RwandAir.
Ati “Afurika ni wo mugabane ufite icyuho kinini mu bwikorezi bwo mu kirere, ndetse n’ibigo bihakorera bitanga serivisi mbi. Akazi kanjye ni ukubaka ikibuga cy’indege kigezweho ndetse no gufatanya na RwandAir maze tukabaha serivisi nziza zimeze nk’izo dutanga muri Qatar Airways.”
Andi makuru avuga ko mu gihe impande zombi zakwemeranya amasezerano y’imikoranire, Qatar Airways ishobora guha cyangwa gukodesha indege kuri RwandAir, ibintu byazamura ubushobozi bwa RwandAir cyane kuko byakemura ikibazo cy’indege nke RwandAir ifite, aho itunze indege 12 gusa.
Ubu buke bw’indege nibwo bwari bwatumye mu 2018, RwandAir yiyemeza kujya mu ikodesha-gurisha ry’indege enye zirimo ebyiri zo mu bwoko bwa Boeing 737 MAX zari butangwe n’ikigo cya LAC ndetse n’izindi ebyiri zo mu bwoko bwa Airbus A330neos zagombaga gutangwa n’ikigo cya SMBC Aviation Capital gicuruza kikanakodesha indege.
Mu mwaka ushize ariko, nibwo RwandAir yatangaje ko iby’ayo masezerano byahagaritswe, bitewe n’uko mu biganiro byari kuba hagati ya RwandAir na Qatar Airways, byari bikubiyemo n’uburyo icyo kigo cyakodesha indege kuri RwandAir, nk’uko Umuyobozi Mukuru wayo, Yvonne Makolo, yabitangarije Flight Global.
Ku rundi ruhande ariko Makolo yavuze ko RwandAir iticuza icyo cyemezo yafashe cyo kureka kugura izo ndege, kuko n’ubundi icyorezo cya Covid-19 cyagabanyije ibikorwa by’ingendo zo mu kirere, ku buryo nka RwandAir iri gukora ku bushobozi buri munsi ya 50% by’ubwo yakoreragaho mbere ya Covid-19.
Yagize ati “Kubera impamvu zitandukanye, byabaye ngombwa ko duhagarika ibikorwa byo kugura indege twateganyije, kandi ni ibintu byiza kuko zakabaye ziparitse muri ibi bihe bya Covid-19, ariko turi gushyira imbaraga mu kongera gukuza ibikorwa byacu, rero ingendo nizongera gufungura mu buryo bwuzuye, tuzareba niba dushobora kongera kugura izindi ndege, bishingiye ku buryo isoko rizaba riteye.”
Andi makuru ariko yemeza ko icyemezo cya RwandAir cyo guhagarika igurwa ry’izo ndege, gishobora kuba gifitanye isano n’amasezerano ari kuganirwaho hagati y’impande zombi, cyane ko na Qatar Airways ifite indege 235, isanzwe ikora ibi bikorwa byo gutiza indege, ndetse yewe ikigo cya Air Italy cyari gisanzwe gikoresha indege za Qatar Airways kikaba giherutse gufunga imiryango, kuko hari indege nyinshi zo gukodesha ibindi bigo.
Birumvikana ko mu gihe amasezerano ku mpande zombi yakwemeranywaho, byagira inyungu kuri buri umwe kuko Qatar Airways yabyaza umusaruro indege ifite zitabyazwa umusaruro mu buryo bwuzuye, mu gihe RwandAir yabona indege ikeneye mu rugendo rwo kwagukira mu bindi bice by’Isi.
Ikindi gishobora guhindura ibintu ni uko imikoranire y’ibigo byombi ishobora gufasha RwandAir kugabanya ibiciro by’itike z’indege zayo, bikiyongeraho ko ari kimwe mu bigo bizwiho gutanga serivisi nziza, byose bikaba bishobora kuba imbogamizi ku bigo bikora ingendo zo mu Karere ka Afurika y’Iburasizuba. Ibi byose bije byiyongera ku kibuga cy’indege kigezweho, ndetse n’umubare w’indege za RwandAir wariyongereye, nta kabuza ko byatanga ihangana rikomeye ku bigo bisanzwe bitwara abantu n’ibintu mu kirere.
RwandAir yari isanzwe ifite umugambi wo gukuba kabiri indege zayo mu myaka itanu iri imbere.
Ni ryari RwandAir izatangira kunguka?
Yvonne Makolo yavuze ko nubwo RwandAir itaratangira kunguka, hari icyizere ko ibi bizagerwaho kuko isoko rya Afurika riri kwaguka cyane.
Yagize ati “Mfite icyizere cyinshi cyane, isoko rya Afurika ntabwo rirabyazwa umusaruro neza, kandi ntekereza ko nubwo hari ibigo bindi bitwara abantu mu ndege, turacyafite imijyi myinshi itagira ingendo ziyihuza. Mu by’ukuri hari amahirwe menshi.”
Yongeyeho ko ubwiyongere bw’ubucuruzi buturutse mu masezerano y’isoko rusange rya Afurika, ari indi ntambwe izaganisha ikigo ayoboye mu kubona inyungu.
Ati “Imbogamizi muri Afurika ni imbogamizi y’ibiciro biri hejuru mu gukora ibikorwa byacu, ariko ntekereza ko kubera ibiganiro biri kuba hagati y’ibihugu bitandukanye, ibi biciro bishobora kuzamanuka, cyane cyane ku bijyanye n’imisoro, ibijyanye no kongera amavuta mu ndege aho hari itandukaniro rinini ku biciro byo ku Mugabane wa Afurika ugereranyije n’indi migabane, rero nizera ko ibintu bizahinduka. Mfitiye icyizere isoko rusange rya Afurika, kuko rizongera ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu, kandi ibyo bikazongera ingendo z’abantu n’ibintu muri Afurika.”
RwandAir ku isoko ry’imari n’imigabane?
Makolo yavuze ko mu myaka iri imbere, RwandAir ishobora kuziyandikisha ku isoko ry’imari n’imigabane, ariko avuga ko atari ibintu byakorwa uyu munsi binajyanye n’ibihe bikomeye urwego rw’ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere buri gucamo.
Ati “Icyo si icyemezo nafata, ni ikintu abafatanyabikorwa bacu bazafataho icyemezo. Ndizera ko ari ibintu bishoboka mu gihe kiri imbere, wenda ubu si igihe cyiza bitewe n’ibihe urwego rw’ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere rurimo, ariko mu bihe biri imbere ni ibintu bishoboka.”
Uyu muyobozi kandi yavuze ko kuri ubu ibihugu bidakwiye gusaba abantu kwikingiza kugira ngo babone kongera gukora ingendo zo mu kirere, bitewe n’uko ibihugu byose, cyane cyane ibyo muri Afurika, bitabonye uko bitanga inkingo zihagije.
Ati “Sintekereza ko ari igikwiye gushingirwaho mu gusubukura ingendo, cyane cyane bijyanye n’uburyo Umugabane wa Afurika watanze inkingo nke, ziri munsi ya 2% by’abawutuye, ariko ntekereza ko ibihugu bishobora gufungura kandi mu buryo budakwirakwiza icyorezo, binyuze mu kwemerera abaturage bikingije ariko bakanemerera abandi baturage bafite icyangombwa cy’uko nta bwandu bwa Covid-19 bafite.”
Yakomeje agira ati “ Ibi byarakozwe mu Rwanda kandi bitanga umusaruro mwiza, rero sintekereza ko icyangombwa cy’uko umuntu yakingiwe ari cyo cyonyine gikwiye kwemerera abantu gusubukura ingendo.”
RwandAir isanzwe ikorera ingendo mu byerekezo 26 ariko mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka iki kigo cyatanze impapuro zisaba guhabwa uburenganzira bwo gukora ingendo ziva Kigali, zikanyura i Accra muri Ghana, mbere yo kwerekeza i New York muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
