Umwenda u Rwanda rwafashe n’ubundi uzakoreshwa mu kwishyura undi mwenda rwari rwarafashe ku kigero cya 84%, mu gihe andi azakoreshwa mu bikorwa by’iterambere cyane cyane mu buhinzi, mu rwego rwo kuzamura umusaruro w’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga.
Minisitiri w’Imari n’Igenamigambi, Dr. Uzziel Ndagijimana, yavuze ko nta gihombo kirimo kuba u Rwanda rwifashishije umwenda mu kwishyura undi wari usanzwe.
Yagize ati “Ni byo ni uburyo bwiza bwo twishyura umwenda wacu [twifashishije umwenda mushya] kuko ubu isoko rihagaze neza, kandi gufata uyu mwenda byari bishingiye ku mpamvu zirimo iya mbere yo kugabanya ibyago byo kuzananirwa kwishyura ku mwenda twari twaragujije mu 2013. Twishyuye 84% by’uwo mwenda.”
Umwenda wa mbere u Rwanda rwakuye mu mpapuro mpeshamwenda, wishyuwe ku nyungu ya 6.25%, mu gihe umwenda mushya uzishyurwa ku nyungu ya 5.5%, ukazamara imyaka 10.
Minisitiri Ndagijimana yavuze ko icyorezo cya Covid-19 yatumye igihugu gikenera amafaranga menshi aturutse hanze, ati “Umwenda w’u Rwanda wari usanzwe uri mu cyiciro cyo hasi, ariko kuva muri 2020, ubwo twahuraga n’icyorezo cya Covid-19, uwo mwenda warazamutse kandi biri ngombwa kugira ngo igihugu kibone amafaranga mu guhangana n’icyorezo, yaba mu buryo bw’ubuzima, ubukungu n’imibereho myiza.”
Yongeyeho ati “Hari hakenewe amafaranga kugira ngo igihugu gihangane n’icyorezo, kandi mu gihe ubukungu bumeze nabi n’amafaranga yinjira aturutse imbere mu gihugu yagabanutse, birumvikana ko aho amafaranga agomba guturuka ari hanze.”
Icyizere cy’abashoramari
Minisitiri Ndagijimana yavuze ko kuba u Rwanda rwarabonye inguzanyo mu buryo buhendutse, byerekana icyizere igihugu gifitiwe n’abashoramari mpuzamahanga, ati “Kuba twarabonye ubwitabire buri hejuru, tukabona inyungu iri hasi, ni icyizere abashoramari bacu badufitiye ko tuzishyura nta kibazo, kandi bashingiye ku myenda dufite, nta kibazo twagiranye na bo.”
U Rwanda rwabonye uyu mwenda ku giciro kiri hasi ugereranyije n’ibindi bihugu bya Afurika byagiye kuri iryo soko, birimo nka Kenya yawuhawe ku nyungu irenze 7%, Ghana irenza 8% mu gihe Misiri yahawe umwenda ku nyungu ya 5.85%.
Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu, John Rwangombwa, mu kiganiro na RBA, yavuze ko iyo abashoramari bashoye mu mpapuro mpeshamwenda ari benshi, bitanga icyizere ku bandi bashoramari.
Ati “Ibi bigega bituguriye umwenda biba bifite ibindi bigega bikorana bishora imari mu bihugu, kuba rero aba batugiriye icyizere, ntabwo batugiriye icyizere bonyine gusa nk’uko n’abandi babikora.”
Nubwo igice kinini kizashorwa mu kwishyura umwenda wafashwe mbere, miliyoni 148$ zizakoreshwa mu ngengo y’imari muri uyu mwaka ndetse n’umwaka utaha.
Ayo mafaranga azashorwa mu bikorwa biteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, birimo cyane cyane ubuhinzi.
Minisitiri Ndagijimana yagize ati “Imishinga dufite ni imishinga ya kijyambere, irakoresha uburyo bwo kuhira bugezweho ndetse na kimwe mu byo abashoramari [mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi] bakunda, harimo ibijyanye n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere, nabyo bigira inyongeragaciro, ni imishinga igizwe no kuhira ku buryo no mu gihe cy’izuba, usanga ubuhinzi bukomeza gukorwa mu buryo bwizewe. Ikindi kintu kirimo ni uko ubwo buhinzi bujyanye no kongera umusaruro w’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga.”
Umwenda w’umurengera?
Guverineri Rwangombwa yasobanuye ko umwenda u Rwanda rufite atari umurengera, kuko ibipimo byose byerekana ko rufite ubushobozi bwo kuwishyura, ari na yo mpamvu abashoramari bemera kugura impapuro mpeshamwenda ku bwinshi kandi bakazitanga ku nyungu nto cyane.
Hari uburyo bubiri bukoreshwa mu kureba ubushobozi bw’igihugu mu kwishyura umwenda gifitiye amahanga. Ubwa mbere ni ubwo gufata umwenda wose w’igihugu, bakareba ingano yawo ugereranyije n’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu.
Ubusanzwe ibihugu bifite imyenda, bigirwa inama yo kutaguza amafaranga ari hejuru ya 55% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu mu gihe waba ugiye kwishyurirwa rimwe. Muri iki cyiciro u Rwanda ruracyari kuri 32.7% kugera mu mpera z’umwaka ushize.
Indi ngingo ya kabiri irebwaho, ni ukureba ingano y’amafaranga y’imyenda azishyurwa ku mwaka umwe, akagereranywa n’imisoro icyo gihugu cyinjiza kugira ngo harebwe ubushobozi bwo kwishyura umwenda nta bundi bufasha bukenewe.
Ibihugu bigirwa inama yo kutishyura umwenda uri hejuru ya 21% by’umusoro winjizwa. U Rwanda rwari kuri 5%, uretse ko icyorezo cya Covid-19 cyatumye uyu mubare uzamuka ukagera ku 8%, ariko ntuzigera urenga 10% nk’uko Rwangombwa yabyemeje.
Rwangombwa yavuze ko imyenda u Rwanda rwafashe ikoreshwa neza ari na yo mpamvu abantu badakwiye kugira impungenge. Ati “Umwenda wa mbere wubatse Convention Center, waguze RwandAir, wubatse urugomero rw’amashanyarazi rwa Nyarabongo. Ugiye nko kureba Convention Center akamaro ifite ku bukungu bwacu, dukuyemo ibi bya Covid-19, ariko itanga akazi kenshi ku mahoteli yakira abantu bitabiriye inama n’abakora ku modoka zitwara abaje mu nama. Uko bitanga akazi rero, nawe wabonyemo inyungu usabwa kugira umusoro utanga kugira ngo Leta ibone uko yishyura wa mwenda.”
Uyu muyobozi kandi yishimiye ko u Rwanda rubonye indi nzira yo kubonamo amafaranga. Ati ” Ni undi muyoboro dutangiye kumenyera wadufasha kubona amafaranga yo gushora mu bikorwa by’iterambere. Ubundi mbere twari dutunzwe n’abaterankunga, nubwo na bo kenshi baduha imyenda. Ariko ubu tumaze guhamya ko dufite undi muyoboro twakuramo amafaranga, utarimo na rwaserera nyinshi.Twakuramo amafaranga twakoresha mu ishoramari ryateza imbere ubukungu bwacu. Ni ikintu gikomeye mu iterambere ry’igihugu kuba twagirirwa icyizere ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Tubuzwa n’uko twe tudashaka gufata imyenda yarenga ubushobozi bwacu.”
Minisitiri Ndagijimana yavuze ko umwenda w’u Rwanda uzakomeza gutumbagira ariko ukazagenza macye kuva muri 2023 kugera mu 2030.
