Mu myaka ya 2000, hari inshuti ebyiri zo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zarateze, zishyiraho amadolari 300$ zivuga ko mu 2150, abantu bazajya bagira imyaka 150 bitagoranye. Birashoboka ko bose bazapfa batabonye ibyo bategeye ariko icyizere babivuganye cyari gifite aho gishingiye.
Bashingiraga ku buryo ubuzima ku Isi buteye, ko hari hamwe bworoha ku buryo bubashisha umuntu kuba ibintu byamuhitana imburagihe bigabanuka.
Iyo ntego y’abo bagabo mu 2150 izaba imaze kugira agaciro karenga miliyari 1$. Ababakomokaho nibo bazayirya.
Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 19, nta gihugu na kimwe ku Isi cyari gifite abaturage bafite icyizere cyo kubaho kiri munsi y’imyaka 40, u Rwanda rwari mu bya nyuma bifite abaturage bafite icyizere cyo kubaho kiri hejuru kuko cyari ku myaka 41.
Icyo gihe 73% by’abagore babyara, babyariraga mu ngo. Nyuma yo kuvuka kandi, abana 49% bari munsi y’imyaka itanu barwaraga indwara zitagira ingano z’amoko menshi, ziganjemo iziterwa n’imirire mibi.
Mbere y’icyo gihe, ikiremwamuntu cyari gifite ubumenyi buke ku bijyanye n’ubuvuzi, mu bihugu hafi ya byose, abakurambere bacu babagaho bitegura no gupfa hakiri kare.
Mu myaka ya mbere, kubona umuntu ugejeje imyaka 100 byari ihurizo, n’uwayigiraga byageraga icyo gihe atabasha no guhaguruka kubera ubuzima bubi.
Ubu tugeze mu kinyejana cya 21, kubona abantu bari hejuru y’imyaka 100 ku Isi bisigaye byoroshye ndetse imibare igaragaza ko bikubye kabiri ugereranyije n’ikinyejana giheruka aho ubu nibura bari hafi igice cya miliyoni ku Isi.
Umuntu wabayeho igihe kirekire ku Isi ni Umufaransakazi Jeanne Calment wapfuye mu 1997 afite imyaka 122 mu gihe ukuze kuruta abandi ari Kane Tanaka w’imyaka 118 ukomoka mu Buyapani.
Mu Rwanda nta mibare ihari igaragaza umubare wa nyawo w’abantu bari hejuru y’imyaka nibura 100, gusa ibarura rusange ryo mu 2012 rigaragaza ko abari bafite hejuru y’imyaka 60 bari 4,9% bangana na 511.738.
Umunyarwanda yiyongeraho amasaha 23 ku munsi
Ukoze igereranya ry’uburyo icyizere cyo kubaho mu Banyarwanda cyagiye kizamuka, biguha ishusho y’imbaraga zashyizwe muri gahunda zigamije imibereho myiza.
Ubu icyizere cyo kubaho mu Banyarwanda ni imyaka 67 muri uyu mwaka wa 2021 mu gihe cyari imyaka 41 mu 1994. Mu 2000 cyarazamutse kigera ku myaka 49, na ho mu mwaka wa 2014 cyari kigeze ku myaka 65. Ni mu gihe mu 1989, cyari ku myaka 29.
Ukoze ikigereranyo cy’uko byari bihagaze mu 1994 n’uko bihagaze uyu munsi nyuma y’imyaka 27, wasanga icyizere cyo kubaho mu Banyarwanda nibura umwaka ujya gushira umunyarwanda yiyongereyeho iminsi 351, ni hafi umwaka.
Urebye ku munsi icyo cyizere kigera hafi ku masaha 23. Gusa iki ni ikigereranyo dushingiye ku myaka 27 ishize, ntabwo bivuze ko ari ihame ko umuntu aziyongeraho icyo gihe ku mwaka.
Mu 2018, Perezida Kagame ubwo yavugaga ku cyizere cyo kubaho mu Banyarwanda yagize ati “ Tuzakomeza gukora ibishoboka gikomeze kuzamuka”.
Ni izihe mpamvu zituma icyizere cyo kubaho cyiyongera?
Kugira ngo icyizere cyo kubaho cyiyongere, ntibishingira ku ndyo umuntu arya, ahubwo bishingira ahanini ku buzima aba abayemo umunsi ku wundi na gahunda zimufasha kubona ibyo akeneye ariko bigamije imibereho myiza ye.
Nko mu Rwanda gahunda zirimo Mutuelle de Santé, Girinka, amavuriro hafi ni bimwe mu byazamuye icyizere cyo kubaho mu Rwanda.
Umuyobozi w’Umuryango Nsindagiza wita ku bageze mu bazabukuru, Elie Mugabowishema, yabwiye IGIHE ko mbere umuntu yarwaraga ntiyivuze kuko yabaga yumva ko indwara afite izikiza.
Ati “ Uretse no kudashobora kujya kwa muganga, umuntu yararwaraga akavuga ngo birikiza. Yagera aho atagishoboye guhagaruka, bakamushyira mu ngobyi bakamujyana arembye.”
Icyo gihe kandi kwa muganga hari kure, kwivuza byari bihenze ntabwo buri wese yashoboraga kwivuza. Akomeza asobanura ko kuba uyu munsi hariho gahunda nka Mutuelle de Santé aho umuntu ashobora kwivuza atanze amafaranga make ari ibituma icyizere cyo kubaho kizamuka.
Mu bindi byatumye imibereho y’abanyarwanda iba myiza kurushaho harimo nk’inkingo, aho indwara nyinshi zicaga abantu kare zabonewe inkingo ku buryo umwana akingirwa akiri muto.
Mugabowishema yakomeje agira ati “Ikindi ntekereza ni uko imirire mibi nayo yicaga abantu, hari ubuzima bubi ku buryo ubona ko ibintu byinshi byakosotse...umwanda, twashoboraga kwicwa n’imisonga, hari ibintu byinshi bitari bisobanutse.”
Kuba habaho abajyanama b’ubuzima bafasha mu guhindura imyumvire, gukurikirana abantu bonsa, ibyo byose bituma iminsi yo kubaho yiyongera.
Nk’umuntu ushinzwe gukurikirana abageze mu zabukuru, Mugabowishema yavuze ko nabo ibibazo bahura nabyo biba bishingiye ku buryo bakuze.
Ati “Ibyica abantu bageze mu zabukuru babigeranayo ntabwo ari ibyo basangayo.”
Ibihugu bitanu bifite icyizere cyo kubaho kiri hejuru
Hong Kong: 85
Japan: 85
Macao: 84
U Busuwisi: 84
Singapore: 84
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