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- Abashinwa ni bo bazanye bwa mbere igihingwa cy'umuceri mu Rwanda
Nk'uko bivugwa na Esdras Nzabamwita utuye mu Mudugudu wa Musambi, Akagari ka Cyiri, Umurenge wa Gikonko, ubu ufite imyaka 65, akaba yarigeze no kuba mu buyobozi bwa koperative z'abahinzi b'umuceri mu gace atuyemo, umuceri watangiye kugeragezwa n'Abashinwa mu Cyiri mu mwaka wa 1967. Icyo gihe ngo yigaga mu mashuri abanza, ariko akaba yari azi ubwenge kuko ibyabaga icyo gihe abyibuka.
Agira ati “Igerageza ry'igihingwa cy'umuceri mu gishanga cya Cyiri ryakozwe n'Abashinwa bane. Kugera mu gishanga ntibyari byoroshye kuko nta muhanda wahabaga. Igishanga cyari gikikijwe n'ibihuru ndetse na cyo ubwacyo cyarimo ibyatsi byishi birimo urukangaga n'umuberanya.”
Akomeza agira ati “Abashinwa twabareberaga ku musozi ahirengeye, twitegereza ibyo bakora, haba gutemurura aho bahinga ndetse no guhinga nyir'izina. Batatu barahingaga, uwa kane agateka ibyo baza kurya.”
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- Umuceri uhingwa mu bishanga bifite amazi ahagije
Abo bashinwa ngo bagiye babahimba amazina bitewe n'uko bababonaga.
Ati “Amazina babitaga sinyibuka yose, ariko harimo uwo bitaga Mataratara kuko yambaraga amataratara, ndetse n'uwo bitaga Muhengezi kuko yagenda asa n'uhengamye.”
Ngo babanje guhinga imirima itanu, barayitera, hanyuma babonye umuceri umeze neza bayiha urubyiruko kugira ngo ruyiteho, n'ibivuyemo ruzabyitwarire.
Uko iminsi yagiye ishira hagiye haza n'abandi Bashinwa, bagahinga imirima bakanayiteramo umuceri hanyuma bakayegurira abahinzi b'Abanyarwanda, biza kugera aho babigisha kwihingira, hanyuma babonye bamaze kubimenya baragenda.
Nzabamwita ati “Sinibuka igihe bagendeye, ariko mu mwaka w'1973 ntibari bagihari.”
Imbuto y'umuceri bazanye ngo yeraga umuceri utukura. Ntiwari umweru nk'uboneka ku masoko kuri iki gihe. Byatumaga iyo bawutekaga waravagamo amazi atukura, asa n'amamininwa.
Ngo ntiwaryoheraga abawuryaga nk'uwubungubu kuko ariya mazi atukura yabaga arimo amakakama. Kuba cyari ikiribwa gishya byatumaga hari abasaza n'abakecuru bawangaga bakabwira abo mu rugo iwabo ngo “Nimwirire, njyewe sinarya amagi y'ibimonyo!”
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- Umuceri ugeze igihe cy'isarura
Icyo gihe umuceri bahingaga wabaga ari uwo kwirira mu rugo, kandi ngo abantu bagiye birwanaho mu kuwutonora, kuko nta mashini zibikora zari zihari.
Nzabamwita ati “Kugira ngo ibishishwa bishireho neza, abahinzi bize ubwenge bwo gushyiramo utuzi, abandi bakawusekurana n'amashara ndetse n'imbagara, kugira ngo umuhini ubashe kubona aho ufata, bityo n'ibishishwa biveho. Na ho ubundi ntibyakundaga kubera ko umuceri udatonoye unyerera.”
Buke bukeya ubuhinzi bw'umuceri bwagiye butera imbere, bigera aho amatsinda abahinzi bari bagiye bashyirwamo n'Abashinwa mu rwego rwo kugira ngo bakorere hamwe, babashe gutemurura imirima neza bakuramo ibyatsi byo mu gishanga, yaje guhurizwa mu byo bitaga perimetere (Périmètre).
Icyo gihe ni na bwo inzego z'ubuyobozi zari zatangiye gukurikirana iby'ubu buhinzi, ni uko Ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi mu by'ubuhinzi cyitwaga ISAR mu magambo ahinnye y'Igifaransa, gitangira gukora ubushakashatsi ku mbuto y'umuceri, ari na cyo cyaje kuzana imbuto zihingwa ubungubu, zinyuranye na ya yindi ya kera.
Kandi uko abahinzi b'umuceri bakomezaga kugenda biyongera, batangiye kuzajya bawujyana ku isoko. Icyo gihe bajyanagayo udatonoye, abawuguze bakajya kwisekurira, ngo waguraga amafaranga atari menshi, kuko ngo wigeze no kugura 15 ku kilo.
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- Hari abangaga kurya umuceri bawita amagi y'ibimonyo
Nzabamwita anavuga ko urebye ayo mafaranga atari makeya, kuko bitabuzaga umuhinzi kunguka.
Ati “Icyo gihe nta mafumbire abantu bifashishaga, nta n'imirimo myinshi bakoreraga umuceri kuko baherukaga bahinga banatera, bakazasubiramo bagiye kuranduramo ibyatsi byamezemo. Ntabwo babagaraga inshuro zigera kuri eshatu cyangwa enye nk'ungubu.”
Na none ariko, agereranyije ngo asanga umusaruro uboneka kuri iki gihe ari wo mwinshi, bitewe n'inyongeramusaruro zisigaye zifashishwa.
Uko abahinga umuceri bagiye biyongera, n'inzego z'ubuyobozi zigatangira kubafasha, umuceri wabanje kujya ujya gutunganyirizwa mu ruganda rw'i Kabuye, hanyuma haza gutangizwa n'urwa Gikonko.
Ubuhinzi bw'umuceri kandi bwahinduye ubuzima bw'abaturiye igishanga cya Cyiri, kuko n'ubwo mbere igihingwa bakuragaho amafaranga ari ikawa gusa, n'abahinga umuceri batangiye kujya batera imbere.
Nzabamwita ati “Iyo abantu bishyurwaga amafaranga y'umuceri, babyukiraga i Butare bakajya kugura amagare. Icyo gihe igare rishyashya ryaguraga hagati y‘ibihumbi 15 na 20. Hari n'abaguraga amabati, abandi amategura. Urebye hano iwacu nyakatsi yahacitse kera.”
Icyo gihe ngo hari n'abatangiye kubaka amaduka, abandi bagashinga za butike, babikesha amafaranga yavuye mu buhinzi bw'umuceri.
Kugeza na n'ubu kandi abahinzi b'umuceri babyitayeho byagiye bibateza imbere, kuko ngo nk'iyo habaye inama yabo muri Gisagara, usanga aho bahuriye hari imodoka zitari munsi y'eshatu z'abahinzi, moto zitari munsi ya 20 ndetse n'amagare atabarika, kuko nta muhinzi w'umuceri ujya mu nama n'amaguru.
Ubuhinzi bw'umuceri kandi bukomeje kugenda burushaho kwitabirwa mu bishanga byo hirya no hino mu Rwanda, ari na ko ibi bishanga uhingwamo bitunganywa.
Nko mu gishanga cya Cyiri hamaze gutunganywa ubuso bwa hegitari 300, n'ubwo ubuhingwaho umuceri ari hegitari 280 bitewe n'uko ahandi ari mu nkuka zitageramo amazi ahagije, zihingwaho imboga n'indi myaka. Igishanga gisigaye gutunganywa kiri kuri hegitari 50.
Icyakora mu Karere ka Gisagara kose, hamwe no mu duce twa Huye na Nyanza twatangiye guhingwamo umuceri kera, hose hamwe habarirwa koperative 7 z'abahinzi b'umuceri, bahinga kuri Hegitari 2100.
Uretse mu Cyiri ndetse n'ahandi hahegereye, igihingwa cy'umuceri cyagiye gikwirakwira no mu bindi bice by'Intara y'Amajyepfo, kandi cyagiye gihindura imibereho y'abagihinga mu rwego rw'ubukungu.
Nko mu Gishanga cya Mukunguri mu Karere ka Kamonyi, umuceri batangiye kuwuhinga mu myaka ya 1960, abawuhahinga bavuga ko watumye batera imbere.
Uwitwa Yvonne Umutesi agira ati “Ubu ndava mu gishanga mfite umuceri nkagaburira abana, amafaranga angeraho ntagombye gusabiriza umugabo. Umuceri twawufataga nk'ibiryo by'abakire twe twirira ibijumba ariko ubu turawihingira tukawurya tukinjiza n'amafaranga. Turashimira Leta yacu ikomeje gutsura umubano n'u Bushinwa mu iterambere".
Callixte Ufitamahoro uhinga umuceri mu gishanga cya Kanyegenyege mu Karere ka Ruhango, avuga ko ubuhinzi bw'umuceri babutangiye mu mwaka wa 2003, kandi ko bumaze kubateza intambwe mu iterambere.
Agira ati “Umuceri twawuryaga ku munsi mukuru gusa tuwuguze amafaranga menshi. Ariko uyu munsi turawuhinga tukawurya, tukinjiza n'amafaranga. Mbese turashimira umubano w'u Bushinwa n'u Rwanda watumye natwe tubyaza ibishanga umusaruro, tugahinga umuceri tukarya tukanasagurira isoko. Ntawe ucyumva ko umuceri ari uw'abakire gusa!”
N'ubwo Abashinwa batakigaragara mu mirima y'abaturage babigisha uko bahinga umuceri, bakomeje ibikorwa by'ubushakashatsi bwo gufasha mu gutuma ubuhinzi bwawo burushaho gutera imbere mu Rwanda.
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- Umuceri ubu uraribwa mu ngo nyinshi zo mu gihugu
Ni muri urwo rwego ubu bakorana n'Ikigo gishinzwe guteza imbere ubuhinzi n'ubworozi (RAB), bakerekera abantu uko ukwiye guhingwa ukarushaho gutanga umusaruro ufatika.
Santere bafite mu kigo cya RAB (China Rwanda Agriculture Technology Demonstration Center), ikurikirana iby'ubuhinzi bw'umuceri, yita ahanini ku guteza imbere ubuhinzi bw'ibihumyo, ari na yo yatangije uburyo bwo guhinga ibihumyo hifashishijwe imigina.
Iyi nkuru Marie Claire Joyeuse yayikoze afatanyije na Ephrem Murindabigwi
source : https://ift.tt/3wz3kXE
