Uretse kuba igihugu cyabo kirangwamo umutekano muke, ubusanzwe koherezwa mu bihugu byateye imbere nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika cyangwa iby’i Burayi, biba inzozi z’abanyafurika benshi, cyane cyane impunzi ndetse hari n’abanyarwanda usanga bajya gutura mu nkambi za Kenya cyangwa Uganda bategereje gusa ikintu kimwe; ‘kujya muri Amerika’.
Kujya muri Amerika cyangwa i Burayi byabaye nko kujya mu ijuru ku mpunzi zibayeho nabi, kuko usanga bamwe barya rimwe ku munsi cyangwa ntibanarye, kwambara ari ugutegereza imfashanyo cyangwa kujya gusaba mu baturanyi bo hanze y’inkambi, mbese ubuzima bw’abo buba bushaririye.
Imibare y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku mpunzi UNHCR, igaragaraza ko mu 2019 mu Rwanda hari impunzi z’Abanye-Congo zigera ku 73.408 zituye mu nkambi eshanu zirimo iya Kigeme, Kiziba, Mugombwa, Nyabiheke ndetse n’izari zituye Gihembe ziherutse kwimurirwa mu nkambi ya Mahama.
Izi mpunzi zigenerwa ubufasha buri kwezi, ariko zikabuhabwa hakurikijwe ibyiciro bigenwa hadengewe ku buzima zibayeho. Ababa mu cya mbere bahabwa 7.600 Frw buri kwezi, abari mu cya Kabiri bagahabwa 3.500 Frw mu gihe abo mu cya gatatu nta na make bahabwa.
Aya mafaranga aba ari make ugereranyije n’ibyo baba bakeneye ngo babeho, ariyo mpamvu ugiye gutuzwa muri Amerika cyangwa i Burayi abyinira ku rukoma, agasingiza Imana kuko niyo yahabwa akazi ko gusukura imisarane ariko aba ahembwa amafaranga atazatuma yifuza ibiryo cyangwa umwambaro ngo abibure.
Bahati Isaiah ni umwe mu mpunzi z’Abanye-Congo zatujwe muri Amerika nyuma y’imyaka 20 aba mu nkambi ya Kyangwali mu Burengerazuba bwa Uganda. Mu kiganiro na Deutsche Welle nyuma yo kugera muri iki gihugu yavuze ko ari umuntu w’umunyamahirwe.
Ati “Ndi umunyamahirwe, njyewe ndi umunyamahirwe kuko ubu ikintu cyose ntekereje ndakibona […] muri Amerika buri munsi aba ari kuri Noheli, turya inyama buri munsi, umuceri, mbese buri munsi aba ari kuri Noheli.”
Bigenda bite ngo impunzi zoherezwe mu bindi bihugu?
Mu kiganiro na IGIHE, Umuyobozi wungirije uhagarariye UNHCR mu Rwanda, Boubacar Bamba, yavuze ko icya mbere kiba kigenderewe ari ugusubiza impunzi mu bihugu byazo kavukire mu gihe icyo zahungaga cyavuyeho.
Iyo bitagenze gutyo ziguma gufashirizwa mu gihugu zahungiyemo maze bake akaba aribo boherezwa mu bindi bihugu bizwi nka ‘Third Countries’ ni ukuvuga igihugu kitari icyo bavukiyemo cyangwa icyo bahungiyemo.
Yagize ati “Imwe mu ntego za UNHCR ifatanyije n’ibihugu bitandukanye ni ugushakira ibisubizo impunzi birimo no kuzicyura mu bihugu byazo kavukire, nka kimwe mu bya mbere biba bigenderewe, iyo ubuzima bwasubiye mu buryo bashobora kubaho mu mutekano.”
Bamba yavuze ko buri mwaka impunzi ziri munsi ya 1% ku Isi hose arizo zigira amahirwe yo koherezwa mu bindi bihugu zivuye mu byo zahungiyemo bivuze ko no mu Rwanda atari nyinshi zoherezwa mu mahanga kuko usanga hari n’izimaze imyaka irenga 24 zituye mu Rwanda.
Yakomeje agira ati “Mu mwaka ushize, impunzi z’Abanye-Congo 838 zoherejwe mu bindi bihugu birindwi zivuye mu Rwanda. 666 muri bo nibo bagiye gutuzwa muri Amerika.”
Iyi mibare yerekana ko mu mpunzi 73.408 z’Abanye-Congo zari mu Rwanda mu 2019, izingana na 1,14% ari zo zonyine zoherejwe mu bindi bihugu by’amahanga mu 2020.
Kugira ngo bahitemo abagenda, Bamba yavuze ko ibihugu bibakira bishyiraho ibisabwa runaka ku mpunzi zizaha ubuhungiro, birimo cyane izikeneye umutekano kurusha izindi, bikagenzurwa na UNHCR ku buryo impunzi zizoherezwa zizabaho neza ariko zinagirira akamaro ibihugu zoherejwemo.
Nyuma yo kumenya abazagenda imiryango ya leta n’itegamiye kuri leta ifatanya mu gutanga amahugurwa kuri izo mpunzi azazifasha kuba muri icyo gihugu zigiye gutuzwamo, bakigishwa umuco, ururimi n’andi masomo azabafasha kubona amahirwe yo kwiga ndetse no gukora.
Mu mpunzi zirenga 39.500 ku Isi zatanzwe na UNHCR nk’izikeneye gutuzwa mu bindi bihugu, 28.200 nizo zabonye ayo mahirwe, harimo 5.900 zikomoka muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, 18.200 zo muri Syrie, 2.100 zo muri Eritrea n’izindi 2000 zo muri Somalia.
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