Raporo y’Ikigo cya Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), igaragaza ko mu mwaka ushize, yakoresheje 1,4% cy’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu. Ugereranyije n’umutekano uri mu biyaga bigari aho u Rwanda ruherereye ndetse n’ingano y’ubukungu bwarwo, aya mafaranga ntabwo ari umurengera.
Ubwo Perezida Paul Kagame ari nawe Mugaba w’Ikirenga w’Ingabo z’u Rwanda, yasuraga iziri mu butumwa bwo kugarura amahoro muri Mozambique, yagarutse ku buryo intsinzi y’Ingabo z’u Rwanda idaterwa n’uko zifite intwaro ziremereye cyangwa ubushobozi buhanitse.
Ati “Ibikorwa [byo kugarura amahoro] ubwabyo byagenze neza ariko byerekana ko ibyo dushobora gukora mu bushobozi bwacu bucye.”
Mu nkuru ya Financial Times yagarutse ku rugamba rw’Ingabo z’u Rwanda muri Mozambique, umwe mu basirikare bakuru b’icyo gihugu yasobanuye ko nyuma y’ubutumire bwa Leta ya Mozambique kuri Leta y’u Rwanda, ingabo z’u Rwanda zahise zigaragaza ko zifite ubushake bwo kujya muri iyo ntambara.
Yaragize ati “[Abanyarwanda] bifuzaga kuza [muri iyi ntambara]. Baratubwiye bati ‘dufite uburambe, dufite ubushobozi kandi nta kintu na kimwe muzishyura.”
Ubu bushake budasanzwe bwo kurengera abaturage bari mu kaga buri mu nshingano z’ibanze za RDF, aho zitegekwa n’Itegeko Nshinga ry’u Rwanda kujya mu bikorwa byo kurengera abaturage bari mu kaga hirya no hino ku Isi.
U Rwanda rwanashyize umukono ku masezerano agamije kurengera abaturage b’abasivili yasinyiwe i Kigali mu 2015.
Icyo gihe Perezida Kagame yavuze ko “Intego nyamukuru y’ibikorwa byo kugarura amahoro ni ukurengera abasivili…ntabwo ari ukurinda amasezerano y’amahoro y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, abari mu butumwa bwo kugarura amahoro cyangwa abanyapolitiki. Ikigamijwe ni ukurinda abaturage basanzwe bafite ibyago [byinshi byo kugirwaho ingaruka n’intambara cyangwa amakimbirane].”
Uretse kuba ingabo z’u Rwanda zarahagaritse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, zigaca intege umwanzi muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, ndetse zikagira uruhare mu butumwa bwo kugarura amahoro hirya no hino ku Isi kuva mu 2004, ibikorwa biherutse byo kugarura amahoro muri Centrafrique no kwirukana inyeshyamba muri Mozambique, byatume abantu bongera kwibaza kuri RDF, by’umwihariko aho ikura imbaraga igaragaraza.
Ibanga rya RDF
Mu kiganiro Umuvugizi w’Ingabo z’u Rwanda, Col Rwivanga Ronald yatanze ku mukiganiro The Barbara Show, yasobanuye ko ibanga rya RDF riri mu myitozo idasanzwe n’ubumenyi buhabwa ingabo, kuva ku rwego rwo hejuru kugera ku rwego rwo hasi.
Ubu bumenyi bwiyongera ku ndangagaciro za RDF zifite imizi mu ndangagaciro za APR zabohoye u Rwanda, ariko ibi bikagirwamo uruhare n’imiterere y’ubuyobozi muri RDF, ituruka ku mavugurura yabaye mu 2002, agamije guhindura Igisirikare cy’u Rwanda ku buryo gikora kinyamwuga.
Icyo gihe Ingabo z’u Rwanda zagabanyijwemo ibice bitatu, birimo ingabo zo ku butaka, izo mu kirere n’Inkeragutabara. Icyo gihe kandi bamwe mu bari mu ngabo zatsinzwe bahawe ikaze mu Ngabo z’u Rwanda, bityo icyari ingabo zishamikiye ku Muryango wa FPR Inkotanyi gihinduka Ingabo z’u Rwanda.
Col Rwivanga yavuze ko izi mpinduka nta ngaruka zagize ku bunyamwuga bwa RDF.
Ati “Guhindura izina ntibyahinduye imyitwarire n’indangagaciro zacu, twarabigumanye. Yaba ari ugushyira hamwe, guharanira intsinzi mu byo dukora byose, twagumanye indangagaciro zacu.”
Kuva icyo gihe, RDF yatangiye gushyira imbaraga mu kongera ubushobozi bw’abasirikare bayo, yaba mu buryo bw’imyitozo ya gisirikare ndetse n’ubundi bumenyi.
Yagize ati “Muri gahunda zacu, duharanira guhora tuzamura urwego rwacu buri munsi muri buri kimwe dukora, binyuze mu myitozo no mu kwigisha abasirikari bacu.”
“Bigomba kumvikana ko abantu benshi baretse amashuri yabo bakajya ku rugamba [rwo kubohora u Rwanda]. Nyuma yo kubohora igihugu, benshi mu basirikare bacu basubiye mu ishuri gukomeza amasomo yabo no kuzamura urwego rwabo. Ibyo byari muri gahunda yacu ngari yo kuzamura urwego rwacu, tukaba abanyamwuga, tukaba twarabonye uburezi.”
Uretse gufasha abasirikare kwiga amasomo asanzwe, imyitozo ya gisirikare nayo yongerewe ingufu, ku buryo igera mu byiciro byose by’ingabo kandi mu buryo buhoraho.
Ibi byakozwe hashyirwaho amashuri yigisha abasirikare bato n’abakuru.
Col Rwivanga yagize ati “Twatangije ibigo by’imyitozo. Twafunguye Ikigo cy’Imyitozo cya Nasho kugira ngo kijye gitoza abari kwinjira mu gisirikare ndetse n’ingabo zidasanzwe (special forces), kugira ngo bagire ubushobozi bwo kuzuza inshingano zabo.”
“Twatangije kandi amasomo agenewe ba ofisiye bato i Gako, ubundi yatangiye ari amasomo atangwa mu gihe cy’umwaka umwe, ariko yaje guhindukamo Kaminuza [itanga impamyabushobozi], kuri ba ofisiye bato. Bamara imyaka ine biga mu bijyanye n’ubuvuzi, ‘engineering’, ubugenge, ubunyabutabire, ubumenyabuzima ndetse n’amasomo y’igisirikare.”
Hanatangijwe kandi ibigo byigiramo abasirikare bakuru ku bijyanye no kuyobora urugamba, kuyobora ingabo n’ibindi byinshi.
Ati “Twanatangije kandi Ikigo gitanga imyitozo ku bayobozi bacu, ba commander bato [bitoreza] i Gabiro […] Twanatangije andi masomo yo ku rwego rwo hejuru, [ku bayobozi ba batayo no hejuru yaho], atangirwa ku Ishuri Rikuru rya Gisirikare riri i Nyakinama, ritoza ba ofisiye kuyobora batayo ndetse no hejuru yayo.”
Uburambe bw’ingabo z’u Rwanda mu kubungabunga amahoro hirya no hino ku Isi byatanze umusaruro kuko hashinzwe Ishuri rikuru ribyigisha.
Col Rwivanga yagize ati “Twanatangije Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Amahoro (Rwanda Peace Academy) kiri i Nyakinama, kigakorana n’Ishuri rya Gako, ritoza ba ofisiye bacu kurushaho kugira ubushobozi mu bikorwa byo kugarura amahoro hirya no hino. Tunatanga amasomo y’umwihariko mu bijyanye no kubungabunga amahoro [mu Ishuri Rikuru rya Gisirikare riri i Nyakinama].”
Yongeyeho ko hakiri umugambi wo gutangiza andi mashuri, ati "Ubu dufite imigambi yo kuzamura [amasomo atangwa] agashyirwa ku rwego rwo hejuru, ku buryo dutangira gutoza abajenerali.”
“Kuri ubu abajenerali bacu batorezwa mu mahanga mu mashuri ya gisirikare atandukanye. Batorezwa muri Amerika, u Bubiligi, Ghana, Nigeria, Afurika y’Epfo, turi gukora ku buryo natwe dutangiza ishuri ryacu mu myaka iri imbere."
Bite by’urugamba rwa Cabo Delgado?
Col Rwivanga yavuze ko ibikorwa byo kugarura amahoro mu Ntara ya Cabo Delgado bikomeje kandi biri kugenda neza, asobanura ko Ingabo z’u Rwanda ziri gukorana n’iza SADC mu rwego kwita ku mpunzi no gutsinda umwanzi mu buryo bushimangiye.
Ati “Turi gusangira amakuru y’ubutasi, tugakora ibikorwa byo guhashya umwanzi ku ruhande rwa buri gice kugira ngo turebe uko twakemura ibibazo by’inyeshyamba.”
“Iki kibazo cyari kimaze imyaka ine, twishimira ko nibura twaciye intege z’ubushobozi bwabo [inyeshyamba] bwo kurwana ku kigero gikomeye. Ubu bameze nk’abari guhunga, ntabwo bakigaba ibitero mu baturage, kandi ni ibintu byiza.”
Yasobanuye ko ibikorwa byo mu rwego rwo kugarura amahoro bikomeje, bisobanuye kugarura abaturage mu bikorwa byabo.
Bamwe mu mpunzi zageze mu gace kagenzurwa n’ingabo za SADC, “Ari yo mpamvu turi gukorana n’ingabo za SADC ku buryo tubagarura, noneho tugatangira gushyira imbaraga mu bikorwa byo kubaka iterambere.”
Yakomeje ati “ Ibi bikorwa ni ingenzi cyane mu kurwanya inyeshyamba kuko iyi niyo mpamvu [kutagira iterambere] ya mbere inyeshyamba zibaho. Rero tuzagira uruhare mu kugarura umutekano, ariko nk’uko dusanzwe tubigiramo uruhare aho tugiye hose, tuzagira uruhare mu bikorwa byo kubaka iterambere.”
Ni izihe nyungu u Rwanda rubonera mu ntambara ya Mozambique?
Col Rwivanga yavuze ko hari inyungu nyinshi cyane u Rwanda rukura muri ibi bikorwa byo kugarura amahoro.
Ati “Hari inyungu nyinshi, twizerera mu kurinda umutekano w’abaturage, twatangiye mu 2004 kandi ntitwasubiye inyuma. Nitwe twabaye aba mbere twajyanye Ingabo i Darfur, ubwo butumwa bwararangiye, ariko ntekereza ko twageze kuri byinshi muri ubwo butumwa. Turi muri Sudani y’Epfo, Centrafrique.”
“Reba nk’uko ibintu byari bimeze muri Mozambique, bidutera ishema kumva ko twagize uruhare mu bikorwa byo guhagarika ubwicanyi [bwakorerwaga abaturage muri Mozambique]…Ikindi navuga ni uko tugenda turushaho kugira uburambe n’ubunyamwuga mu kazi ka gisirikari, ibyo ni byo tugomba gukora, ni akazi kacu.”
“Buri gihe iyo tugiye mu bikorwa byo kugarura amahoro, turushaho gutera imbere, ariko tunajyanwa n’impamvu ikwiriye, yo kurinda abaturage, kandi iyo yakabaye impamvu ihagije.”
Mu kiganiro yagiranye na IGIHE ubwo Ingabo z’u Rwanda zatangiraga kujya muri Mozambique, Col Rwivanga yari yavuze ko indi nyungu ikomeye izava muri uru rugamba ari ukwerekana ko Afurika ifite ubushobozi bwo kwikemurira ibibazo.
Uyu Muvugizi kandi yavuze ko RDF yagizweho ingaruka n’icyorezo cya Covid-19, ariko ubu imbaraga ziri gushyirwa mu guhangana na cyo.
Ati “Kimwe n’izindi nzego, RDF yagizweho ingaruka [na Covid-19], kandi tugomba kugira uruhare muri gahunda z’igihugu zigamije guhangana n’ingaruka z’iki cyorezo.”
“Twakoze byinshi, twashyizeho amatsinda ashinzwe guhangana n’ingaruka z’iki cyorezo, twatwaye inkingo mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu, kandi ba ofisiye bacu bari mu bice bitandukanye aho bigisha abantu ku buryo bwo guhangana n’iki cyorezo.”
Yashishikarije urubyiruko gutekereza ku mwuga wo kuba umusirikare kuko urimo amahirwe yo kubaka igihugu. Ati “Igisirikare cyacu ni ikinyamwuga, buri wese atewe ishema nacyo. Ibyo twagezeho ni byinshi. Hari inzego zitandukanye RDF igiramo uruhare mu bijyanye no guteza imbere igihugu.”
“Dugeneye aba-engineers, abaganga, dukeneye abize amateka, dukeneye abarimu, dukeneye abanyamakuru, nta rwego rw’ubuzima bw’igihugu igisirikare kidakeneye. Rero abanyamategeko n’abandi bakora mu zindi nzego, bafite umwanya mu gisirikare.”
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