Raporo iherutse kujya hanze y'Ikigo gishinzwe guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bikomoka ku buhinzi n'ubworozi (NAEB) igaragaza ko mu 2020/2021, u Rwanda rwinjije miliyoni 444.8$ (arenga miliyari 447 Frw) aturutse mu buhinzi.
Uretse icyayi na kawa, imboga, imbuto n'indabo biri mu byinjiriza Igihugu amafaranga menshi. Muri ibi bihingwa mu 2020, imboga zari zihariye 62,5% by'ibihingwa byo mu cyiciro cya 'horticulture' Igihugu cyohereje ku isoko ryo mu karere, imbuto zari zihariye 37,25%. Ku isoko mpuzamahanga imboga zari zihariye 37,49%, mu gihe imbuto zari zihariye 62,75%.
Ibi bigaragaza uburyo ubuhinzi burimo inyungu ifatika, kandi ko intego Leta yihaye yo guteza imbere ubuhinzi biciye mu ishoramari rigamije kuhereza umusaruro mu mahanga iri kugerwaho.
Leta y'u Rwanda ikomeje korohereza abakora ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka, hifashishijwe ingamba zitandukanye n'amasezerano u Rwanda rufitanye n'ibindi bihugu.
U Rwanda rwagiranye amasezerano y'ubucuruzi n'ibihugu byo mu Muryango w'Isoko Rusange ry'Ibihugu bya Afurika y'Iburasirazuba n'Amajyepfo. U Rwanda kandi rufitanye amasezerano nk'aya n'ibihugu byo mu Muryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi, ibyo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba n'ibindi.
Ibi bikorwa byose bizafasha abahinzi n'abashaka gucuruza hanze kugira isoko no guteza imbere imibereho yabo bakanagira uruhare mu guteza imbere ubukungu bw'igihugu.
Muri iyi nkuru turarebera hamwe ibihingwa bikomeje kwinjiriza u Rwanda amafaranga menshi ku buryo n'abahinzi bashobora kubyibandaho mu bikorwa byabo, ndetse n'abifuza gushora imari mu buhinzi bakaba batangira kubyitegereza.
Imiteja
Imiteja iri mu bihingwa byunguka kandi bihora bikenewe buri mwaka. U Rwanda rufite isoko ryayo mu Bubiligi, u Bufaransa, u Bwongereza na Dubai.
Kuri hegitare imwe hashobora kwera toni 10, ikilo kimwe kikagurishwa 500 Frw.
Raporo yakozwe mu 2020 n'ikigo cyitwa TRAIDE cyo mu Buholandi yarekanye ko muri 2018 Isi yari ikeneye nibura toni ibumbi 451 z'imiteja iturutse mu Rwanda kandi ko buri mwaka zigenda zaguka.
Mu Rwanda imiteja ihingwa mu Turere twa Gasabo, Rwamagana, Kayonza, Bugesera, Kirehe na Nyagatare. Ikunze kwera mu duce turimo ubushyuhe buri hagati ya 20°â€"25°C n'ubutaka bushyushye ku kigero kiri hagati ya 18°â€"24°C.
Mu 2019 u Rwanda rwagurishije mu mahanga kilogarama 5.858.876 rwinjiza 3.708.855 Frw.
Uretse kuyihinga, NAEB igaragaza ko abantu bashobora no gushora imari mu bikorwa byo kubika imiteja kugira ngo imare igihe kinini itarangirika.
Amatunda
Kubera ubutaka bwiza n'ikirere gihehereye, u Rwanda ruri mu bihugu byiza byo guhingamo amatunda.
Ubwoko bw'amatunda ahingwa mu Rwanda harimo Passiflora (purple passion fruit na Flavicarpa (yellow passion fruit), sweet passion fruit hamwe, Giant Passion fruit na Banana Passion fruit.
Amatunda yera mu gihe kingana n'amezi atandatu cyangwa umunani. Ayitwa Passiflora (purple passion fruit) ni yo akunze guhingwa mu Rwanda no kugurishwa mu mahanga cyane cyane ku masoko y'i Burayi.
Isoko ry'amatunda ku Isi hose rifite agaciro ka miliyoni 861$, aya mafaranga aturuka muri toni 375,300 zikenerwa buri mwaka.
'Manufacturing Africa report' igaragaza ko ushobora kunguka 48% mu gihe igiciro waranguriyeho ari 4,840$ kuri toni imwe.
Iyi raporo igaragaza ko kohereza amatunda mu mahanga bishobora gutwara 1800$ kuri toni imwe, ugendeye ku biciro byashyizweho na RwandAir mu korohereza abacuruzi.
Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Jacks Business Group, ikorana n'abashoramari mu byo guhinga amatunda yavuze ko izi mbuto ari kimwe mu bihingwa biri gushakishwa cyane ku isoko kandi ko iyo ahinzwe mu buryo burimo ubuhanga avamo inyungu nyinshi.
Mu 2019, u Rwanda rwohereje mu mahanga ibilo 529.156 by'amatunda rukuramo 357.909$.
Ubuyobozi bwa NAEB buvuga ko igihingwa cy'amatunda ari kimwe mu bihingwa bishobora guteza imbere abagihinga ku buryo bwihuse.
Amatunda akunzwe guhingwa muri Gakenke, Rulindo, Gicumbi, Musanze na Burera.
Chia seeds (imbwiso)
Chia seeds ni igihingwa kidakenera ifumbire, gihingwa mu Rwanda kandi gikunzwe koherezwa i Burayi no muri Amerika y'Epfo.
Ni igihingwa umuntu ahinga yizeye ko azunguka kuko abanza agakorana amasezerano n'umuguzi mbere yo guhinga buri mezi atatu.
Chia seeds yamenyekanye mu Rwanda nyuma y'uko Bertrand Nkurikiyimana wo muri Akenes and Kernels amaze gutangiza uyu mushinga muri Ngoma.
Akenes and Kernels Ltd na Api Organic Rwanda Ltd ni sosiyete zashinzwe n'Abanyarwanda baba muri diaspora yo mu Bubiligi na Zambia, nyuma y'uko Perezida Paul Kagame abakanguriye gushora imari mu Rwanda no kuhakorera ibikorwa bizamura ubukungu ubwo bari muri Rwanda Day yari yabereye mu Bubiligi mu 2017.
Chia Seeds zakomeje guhingwa n'abahinzi bifatanyije na Akenes and Kernels na Api organic Rwanda mu gukora ubucuruzi bwazo hanze.
Umwe mu bahinzi ukorana nabo, Mukwiye Fabrice yavuze ati 'Guhinga Chia seeds birunguka mu gihe gito cyane kuko zikenerwa mu bintu byinshi bitandukanye.'
Mu byo zifasha harimo kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso no kurinda indwara z'umutima.
Kuri hegitare imwe hasarurwa hagati y'ibiro 800 zabaye nke, zaba nyinshi kuri hegitare hakera ibiro 1200. Chia seeds zigurwa 3000 Frw ku kilo zikaba zikunze guhingwa muri Kirehe, Bugesera, Kayonza, Nyagatare na Rwamagana.
Urusenda
Urusenda narwo ruri mu bihingwa biri kunguka cyane ku isoko, cyane cyane iryo mu bihugu nk'u Bushinwa, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Dubai, u Bubiligi n'u Budage.
Zimwe mu nsenda zikunze guhingwa mu Rwanda harimo Rwandan bird eye chili, Red chili, Orange chili, Yellow chili and Habanero.
Ku mwaka u Burayi bukenera toni miliyoni 1,3 z'urusenda. Izi zihwanye na miliyari 2.7$. U Bushinwa bukenera toni 78.500 zifite agaciro ka miliyoni 56$.
'Manufacturing Africa report' ivuga ko urusenda rushobora kuvamo inyungu (Gross profit) ya 49% mu gihe toni imwe yagurishijwe 4.360$.
Abahinzi b'urusenda mu Rwanda bavuga ko ku cyumweru bashobora kunguka ibihumbi 500 Frw kuri hegitari 21.
Abahinzi bamwe mu Rwanda bakorana na sosiyete zifite amasezerano y'amasoko hanze nka Gashora farms, yagiranye amasezerano n'Abashinwa yo kubohereza toni 50.000 kuri miliyoni 100$.
Macadamia
Imbuto za Macadamia ziri mu bihingwa bicuruzwa cyane kandi bifite isoko rigenda ryaguka umunsi ku munsi.
NAEB igaragaza ko mu Rwanda hari ibigo byamaze kwinjira mu bucuruzi bwa Macadamia birimo Norlega Macadamia Rwanda na Rwanda nut.
Abakiliya benshi ba Norlega Macadamia Rwanda harimo hoteli, amaguriro ya kijyambere n'abandi.
Macadamia zikunze koherezwa no mu bindi bihugu nka Kenya, u Buyapani na Turukiya.
Igiti cya Macadamia gitangira kwera nyuma y'imyaka 4-5, umusaruro ugenda wiyongera uko kigenda gikura, igiti kimwe gitanga ibilo biri hagati ya 50 na 75.
Ibi bivuze ko umuhinzi yejeje ibiro 75 ku giti kimwe yaba afite amafaranga ibihumbi 26 Frw kuko ikilo kigurishwa 350 Frw.
Ku mwaka u Rwanda rwohereza mu mahanga toni 16.000 za Macadamia, rukinjiza miliyoni 30$. Iki gihingwa gikunze kwera muri Bugesera, Nyanza na Ngoma.
Avoka
Avoka ni kimwe mu bihingwa bimaze kugaragaza ko bikunzwe kandi bifite isoko ryagutse hirya no hino ku Isi.
Mu Rwanda iki gihingwa cyera cyane mu Ntara y'Amajyepfo, mu turere twa Gisagara, Huye, Nyanza; mu Burengerazuba muri Rusizi, mu Majyaruguru ndetse n'igice gito cy'Umujyi wa Kigali.
Mu gihugu hahingwa ubwoko butandukanye bwa avoka burimo Hass, fuerte, Ettinger, Booth, Choquette, collisson, Nabal, Puebla, Reed, Simmonds, Pinkerton na Bacon.
Avoka zera ahantu hari ubushyuhe buri hagati ya 15ºC na 30 ºC ndetse ubutaka bwaho bukaba bufite ubuhehere bugereranyije.
Igihe cyiza cyo gutera avoka ni umuhindo, ni ukuvuga mu mezi ya Nzeri, Ukwakira n'Ugushyingo. Ibi bituma ingemwe zibona amazi ahagije igihe kirekire.
Umusaruro wa mbere utangira kuboneka nyuma y'imyaka ibiri igiti gitewe, usarura kandi nyuma y'amezi atandatu kugera kuri arindwi nyuma y'ururabyo. Umusaruro ku giti uba utandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko wateye.
Imibare itangwa n'Ikigo cy'Igihugu Gishinzwe guteza imbere iyoherezwa mu mahanga ry'ibikomoka ku buhinzi n'ubworozi (NAEB), igaragaza ko mu myaka ibiri ishize u Rwanda rwohereje toni zisaga 700 z'avoka ku isoko mpuzamahanga, zinjiza asaga miliyoni 1,5 y'amadolari ya Amerika.
