Impyisi zirimo kurya imirambo y'abapfuye, imijyi yarashweho ibisasu n'indege, abasaza n'abakecuru bari kujya ku rugamba hari inkuru mbi cyane zirimo kuva mu ntambara imaze gusiga ibihumbi za mirongo, niba atari amagana, bapfuye mu ntara ya Tigray muri Ethiopia. Â
Aka karere kahoze ari ak'ubukerarugendo, aho benshi bajyaga kureba insengero zubatse mu rutare, imisigiti ya cyera cyane, n'inyandiko zo mu myaka yo hambere cyane zo mu rurimi rwa Ge'ez.
Ubu Tigray yabaye isibaniro ry'intambara, aho ingabo za Ethiopia na Eritrea ku ruhande rumwe, hamwe n'ingabo za Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), zirwanira kugenzura aka akarere kahoze kuva cyera kabonwa nk'ingenzi mu butegetsi muri Ethiopia, cyangwa mu cyahoze cyizwi mu mateka nka Abyssinia.
Kamaze amezi 17 kagoswe nta banki, telephone cyangwa internet nta n'itangazamakuru rihagera.
Mu myaka ibiri ishize, ibyo impande zombi zagezeho byagiye bihinduka kenshi ku rugamba, aho:
- Mu Ugushyingo (11) 1010 ingabo za Ethiopia na Eritrea zafashe umurwa mukuru Mekele wa Tigray nyuma yo gushinja TPLF ubugumutsi
- TPLF yakoze ibitero byo kwigaraganzura igera no mu turere turi hafi twa Amhara na Afar, no hafi y'umurwa mukuru Addis Ababa umwaka umwe nyuma
- Ingabo za Ethiopia na Etirea ubu zirimo gufata ahantu henshi muri Tigray â€" harimo umujyi wa Shire â€" mu biheruka, mu kugerageza gufata Mekele nanone
Alex de Waal ukuriye ikigo World Peace Foundation cyo muri Amerika ati: 'Hari nibura ingabo 500,000 za Eritrea na Ethiopia ziri mu mirwano, kongeraho abarenga 200,000 ku ruhande rw'aba-Tigray'.
Yongeraho ko nyuma y'iminsi 50 y'imirwano idahagarara, muri iki cyumweru ingabo za Tigray zitari zigishobora kwihagararaho muri Shire kubera kubura amasasu.
Prof De Waal avuga ko nubwo leta ya Ethiopia yizeje imfashanyo no gusubizaho serivisi z'ibanze muri Shire n'ahandi igenzura, 'bishyize abasivile bashobora kwicwa, gufatwa ku ngufu no kwicishwa inzara.'
Shire ni ahandi hantu herekana akaga k'abasivile muri Tigray, aho abakozi bafasha bavuga ko abasivile bagera ku 600,000 bari bahungiye muri uyu mujyi kubera imirwano ikaze imaze igihe mu bice biyegereye.
Umwe mu bakozi bafasha muri ako gace utifuje gutangazwa atinya ingaruka yabwiye BBC ati: 'Abarenga 120,000 ntaho kwikinga bafite, barara munsi y'ibiti.'
Hafi ya bose mu bakozi b'ubutabazi bavuye muri Shire mu cyumweru gishize nyuma y'uko umujyi wibasiwe bikomeye n'ibisasu by'ingabo za Ethiopia.
Ibihumbi by'abaturage nabo ubu barimo guhunga Shire mu gihe batinya kwicwa â€" kimwe n'ibyabaye mu tundi duce twafashwe n'ingabo za Ethipia na Eritrea.
Wa mukozi ufasha ati: 'Muri Nzeri (9) abantu bane batubwiye ko mu mudugudu wa Shimblina, abantu 46 barundanyijwe maze bakicwa. Abaturage basanzwe bapfuye bicanywe n'amatungo yabo.
'Impyisi zari zariye imirambo yabo, bashoboraga kumenyekana gusa kubera imwe mu myambaro yabo. Ababibonye bavuze ko nta mwanya bari bafite wo guhamba iyo mirambo kandi impyisi zari hafi kuyimaraho.'
Ibituma ubwo bwicanyi bwari bukabije, nk'uko abivuga, ni uko abishwe bose ari abo mu bwoko buto bw'aba Kunama, butigeze bwishora mu ntambara n'inzangano.
Uyu mukozi yongeraho ati: 'Impande zombi zirimo gutakaza abasirikare, iyo rero bageze mu mudugudu umujinya wabo bawutura abo basanze.'
Ingabo za Tigray nazo zishinjwa ibirego nk'ibyo â€" harimo gufata ku ngufu, kwica no gusahura â€" harimo igihe bafataga uturere muri Amhara na Afar, mbere yo gusubizwa inyuma bagasubira muri Tigray.
Tigray ifite abaturage basaga miliyoni zirindwi, umubare muto ugereranyije muri iki gihugu gituwe n'abarenga miliyoni ijana z'abaturage.
Intambara irwanwa mu buryo bwa cyera
Uretse ubwicanyi, abanzi bombi bashinjwa guhatira abasivile kwinjira mu mirwano, no gukoresha uburyo bwo gutera umwanzi abarwanyi basatira mu kivunge nta kintu kibarengera.
Abdurahman Sayed umusesenguzi w'akarere k'ihembe rya Africa uba mu Bwongereza ati: 'Abantu barinjizwa mu ngabo nyuma y'ibyumweru bicye gusa batojwe, boherezwa ari benshi mu bice bitezwemo mine ngo bajye kurwana n'umwanzi.
'Umwanzi afungura umuriro akarasa akica benshi muri bo, ariko bakomeza kuza ikivunge kugeza umwanzi amasasu amushiranye bakigarurira aho yari ari.
'Ni uburyo bwa cyera bw'intambara. Bwakoreshejwe bwa mbere n'umwami wa Abyssinia mu gutsinda abataliyani mu myaka ya 1890. Nubwo bari bafite ingabo zikomeye no mu kirere, abataliyani baneshejwe n'umubare w'abantu benshi bazaga mu gitero.'
Abdurahman avuga ko ubu buryo bwo kurwana butwara ubuzima bwa benshi, aho we abona ko abantu hagati ya 700,000 na 800,000 bamaze gupfa muri iyi myaka ibiri ishize y'intambara.
Ati: 'Iyi niyo ntambara mbi cyane mu mateka ya Ethiopia.'
Faisal Roble umusesenguzi ku by'akarere k'ihembe rya Africa uba muri Amerika we ahakana ko aba-Tigray baba bakoresha iriya tekiniki yo gushora imbere abantu mu kivunge, gusa ikigereranyo cye cy'umubare w'abamaze gupfa ntigitandukanye cyane.
Ati: 'Mu byiciro bibiri bya mbere by'intambara, abasaga 500,000 barapfuye, naho abagera ku 100,000 bapfiriye mu cya gatatu.'
Roble yongeraho ko ingabo za Tigray zari zaratojwe neza, zifite 'umutima wo kurwana' ariko ingabo za Ethiopia zifite uturusho tubiri: umubare n'ingufu mu kirere.
Ati: 'Umujenerali ubu wabaye ambasaderi avuga ko bashoboraga kwinjiza miliyoni y'abasore bato mu ngabo buri mwaka, kandi bafite indege z'intambara na drones za Turkiya zitanga umusaruro cyane. Aba-Tigray nta gisirikare cyo mu kirere bafite.'
Asobanura ko abakuriye (command) igisirikare cyo mu kirere cya Ethiopia bimukiye i Asmara mu murwa mukuru wa Eritrea, aho indege zahagurukiraga kuko uwo mujyi wegereye cyane Tigray kurusha ibirindiro byazo bya Bishoftu hagati muri Ethiopia.
Roble ati: 'Drones nizo zigihagurukira i Bishoftu'
Kurangiza amasinde ya cyera
Eritrea yinjiye muri iyi ntambara nk'umwanzi w'ibihe byose wa TPLF.
TPLF yayoboye Ethiopia kugeza vuba aha mu 2018 ubwo Abiy Ahmed yajyaga ku butegetsi,
Ku gihe cya TPLF, Ethiopia yarwanye na Eritrea intambara y'umupaka yatwaye ubuzima bw'abagera ku 80,000. Urukiko mpuzamahanga nyuma rwanzuye ko Ethiopia igomba guha Eritrea ubutaka bapfaga, ariko leta ya TPLF ntiyigeze ibikora.
Eritrea yisubije bwa butaka nyuma gato y'uko iyi ntambara itangiye mu Ugushyingo(11) 2020, abayinenga bavuga ko Perezida Isaias Afwerki yiyemeje gufasha Abiy Ahmed kurangiza burundu TPLF kugira ngo itazongera kubangamira igihugu cye.
Abdurahman ati: 'Impungenge za Eritrea ni uko TPLF yasubira ku butegetsi muri Ethiopia, cyangwa igashyiraho ubutegetsi buyishyigikiye i Asmara bwayiha kugera ku Nyanja Itukura kuko Tigray ari agace katagera ku nyanja kandi gakennye.'
Mu gihe intambara yarushijeho muri ibi byumweru bishize, leta ya Eritrea yongereye ibikorwa byo kwinjiza abantu mu ngabo no guhiga ababihunga mu gihugu, nk'uko abantu batandukanye muri Eritrea babibwiye BBC.
Mu gikorwa kimwe muri Nzeri(9), abasirikare ba Eritrea bateye urusengero mu majyepfo y'umujyi wa Akrur, bafunga umupadiri, urubyiruko rw'abasenga n'abaririmbyi banze kwitabira kujya mu ngabo, nk'uko abaho babivuze.
Prof De Waal avuga ko uko guhamagarira abantu igisirikare byerekanye ko Perezida Isaias iyi ntambara ayikomeyemo kandi ashaka kohereza abasirikare benshi bashoboka muri Tigray.
Ati: 'Eritrea ifite imitwe y'ingabo muri Tigray, ariko imirwano ahanini ikorwa n'ingabo za Ethiopia. Icyo Isaias ari gukora ni ukuyobora intambara kuko yumva yakwereka Abiy uko yatsinda, ariko aba-Tigray bazarwana, nubwo bagera ku byuma n'amabuye kuko kuri bo iyi ni intambara yo gupfa no gukira.'
Ibiganiro bisa n'ibidashoboka
Kubwa Abdurahman, iyi ntambara irimo kurwanwa ku ngamba enye kugera kuri esheshatu, aho ibihumbi za mirongo by'ingabo za Ethiopia na Eritrea ziri hafi y'umujyi wa Adigrat.
Ati: 'Biteguye igitero gikomeye kuri Adigrat na Mekelle'
Amakuru yahawe BBC yo ku rugamba avuga ko izo ngabo zombi zaba zatangiye gusatira zivuye muri Shire zerekeza ku mujyi w'amateka wa Aksum, hamwe na Adwa na Adigrat, mu gitero barimo kuva iburengerazuba bagana iburasirazuba.
Mu gihe ibihugu bikomeye by'amahanga birimo gusaba impande zombi guhagarika intambara, Abdurahman avuga ko ibi bisa n'ibitagishobotse.
Ati: 'Mu mateka, abari ku butegetsi muri Abyssinia, Ethiopia ya none, iteka ryose bararwana ngo babugereho. Uw'imbaraga akaba umwami w'abami kugeza haje undi.
'Nta muco uhaba wo kurangiza ibibazo mu mahoro.'
Prof De Waal avuga ko umuryango mpuzamahanga wari ukwiye kugira icyo ukora muri aka kanya ngo utegeke ko haba agahenge.
Ati: 'Naho ubundi hari ubwoba ko haba na jenoside, no kwicisha benshi inzara' akomoza ku itsinda ry'abashakashatsi b'ababiligi mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka bavuze ko abasivile barenga 250,000 muri Tigray bishwe n'inzara cyangwa ibiyikomokaho kuva iyi ntambara itangiye mu Ugushyingo (11) 2020.
Ati: 'Iki cyari igihe cy'isarura, ariko ingabo ziyobowe na Eritrea zirimo guhindura Tigray umuyonga.'
@BBC
The post Tigray: Impyisi zirimo kurya imirambo y'abishwe mu ntambara appeared first on IRIBA NEWS.
Source : https://iribanews.rw/2022/10/19/tigray-impyisi-zirimo-kurya-imirambo-yabishwe-mu-ntambara/
