U Rwanda nk'igihugu, rwemera ko uburenganzira bungana n'uburinganire, ari ibintu by'ingenzi mu kugera ku iterambere rirambye by'umwihariko mu burezi.
Ibyemezo, imihigo itandukanye, politiki n'amategeko byashyizweho hagamije guteza imbere uburinganire bw'umugabo n'umugore mu rwego rw'uburezi.
Intego yihariye ya Gatanu mu ntego z'Iterambere Rirambye igamije gukuraho ubusumbane no gushishikariza abana bose kwitabira uburezi mu byiciro byose harimo n'amashuri y'imyuga n'ubumenyingiro kugeza nibura muri 2030.
Hari kandi politiki y'igihugu y'uburinganire ivuguruye yo mu 2021, gahunda y'Ingamba z'Urwego rw'Uburezi (ESSP) ishimangira ibyo Guverinoma y'u Rwanda yiyemeje kugira ngo uburezi bufite ireme ku bakobwa n'abahungu himakazwa ihame ry'uburinganire bigerweho mu nzego zose z'uburezi.
Izindi politiki zashyizweho zirimo iy'uburezi bw'umwana w'umukobwa ndetse na Politiki ya Tekiniki, imyuga n'ubumenyingiro (TVET).
Minisiteri y'Uburezi yashyizeho gahunda y'icyumba cy'umukobwa ku rwego rw'ishuri kugira ngo byorohereze isuku umukobwa uri mu mihango kandi bifasha mu myigire y'abakobwa mu gihe nk'icyo.
Mu 2019, ibyumba by'abakobwa byari kuri 57% mu mashuri abanza, 82% mu mashuri yisumbuye na 66% mu mashuri ya tekiniki, imyuga n'ubumenyingiro.
- Abakobwa muri siyansi
Guverinoma yashyizeho amacumbi mu mashuri makuru harimo na IPRCs agenewe abakobwa ndetse hashingwa amashuri y'abakobwa yigisha ibijyanye na siyansi. Kugeza ubu, hari amashuri agera kuri 23.
Hari gahunda zigamije guhemba abakobwa bitwaye neza, aho Minisiteri y'Uburezi ifatanyamo na Imbuto Foundation hagahembwa abitwaye neza mu bizamini bya Leta nko kubashimira ndetse no kumenyekanisha ubushobozi bwabo.
Hakozwe ubukangurambaga buhamagarira kandi bushishikariza abakobwa kwinjira muri STEM na TVET ndetse hanakorwa ubukangurambaga bushishikariza abakobwa babyaye imburagihe gusubira mu ishuri.
Mu guteza imbere imyigire n'imyigishirize yimakaza uburinganire, abahungu n'abakobwa bahabwa amahirwe angana mu isomo no guhugura abarimu.
Ibindi ni ugushyiraho ihame ry'uburinganire mu nteganyanyigisho ishingiye ku bushobozi. Iyi ni ingingo iboneka mu masomo hafi ya yose muri gahunda yo kumenya neza ko abakobwa n'abahungu bafatwa kimwe mu mashuri.
Minisiteri y'Uburezi yiyemeje kugabanya icyuho cy'ubwitabire bw'abahungu n'abakobwa muri STEM nibura mu 2026.
Kugeza ubu mu Rwanda hamaze kubakwa amashuri atandukanye yaba aya Leta ndetse n'andi mpuzamahanga agenda ashishikarizwa kuza gushora imari mu Rwanda.
Ayo mashuri yose yakira by'umwihariko abahungu n'abakobwa kuko nk'ishuri rya 'Rwanda Coding Academy', kuva mu 2018 ryakira 50% b'abakobwa.
Abagore kandi bashishikarizwa kwiga mu mashuri y'icyitegererezo mu ikoranabuhanga, nka Carnegie Mellon University, African Institute of Mathematics (AIMS) n'andi atandukanye.
Minisiteri y'Uburezi kandi ifatanyije na UNESCO na FAWE Rwanda hategurwa ingando zikorerwamo ubukangurambaga ku bakobwa hagamijwe ko biga siyansi.
Ku bufatanye n'inzego zirimo Minisiteri y'Ikoranabuhanga na Inovasiyo kandi hashyizweho gahunda zitandukanye zigamije gukangurira abakobwa kwitabira siyansi n'ubumenyingiro.
Ni gahunda zirimo Digital Ambassadors, ICT Bus TechKobwa na Miss Geek competition.
-Ubukangurambaga ku gushishikariza abakobwa kwiga muri TVET
Guverinoma y'u Rwanda ibinyujije mu nzego zitandukanye kandi yashyizeho ubukangurambaga bugamije gukangurira abakobwa kwiga mu mashuri y'imyuga n'ubumen yingiro (TVET).
Muri izo gahunda harimo izo gutanga ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga birimo za mudasobwa mu mashuri abanza n'ayisumbuye hagamije kuzamura ubumenyi mu ikoranabuhanga ku bana b'abakobwa n'abahungu.
Hari kandi kongera laboratwari n'ibikoresho bya siyansi mu mashuri, gutegura amarushanwa ya siyansi no gushyiraho amashuri y'icyitegererezo muri siyansi mu rwego rwo kongera umubare w'abakobwa n'abahungu biga siyansi.
Imibare iheruka ya Minisiteri y'Uburezi igaragaza ko mu 2018, abakobwa bigaga mu mashuri yisumbuye ya TVET bari 45,1% mu gihe mu 2019 bari 44% naho mu 2020, bari bamaze kugera kuri 46,7%.
Ni imibare ikomeza igaragaza ko abakobwa barangiza amasomo muri za IPRC, bagenda biyongera kuko nko mu 2015/16 bari 25,1%, mu mwaka wakurikiyeho wa 2016/17 bagera kuri 25,3%.
Mu 2017/18 abakobwa barangiza muri za IPRC bari bageze kuri 39,9% naho mu 2019/20 bari bamaze kugera kuri 34%.
Minisiteri y'Uburezi ivuga ko kugeza ubu mu bigo bitandukanye abarezi b'abagore bagira uruhare mu gushishikariza abanyeshuri b'abakobwa kugira icyerekezo ndetse bakabashishikariza kwitwara neza, kwiga no gushyiramo umuhate.
Abagore bize aya masomo y'imibare n'ubumenyi bari mu burezi bababera urugero bigatuma abakobwa bagira uruhare rwo kwitabira amashuri ya siyansi. Batinyura abanyeshuri b'abakobwa kuko bababera urugero mu kumva ko bashoboye.
Minisiteri y'Uburezi isaba abakobwa kwitinyuka bakumva ko bazabigeraho, aho basabwa kugumana inzozi zabo kandi bakihatira kwiga neza amasomo y'imibare n'ubumenyi.
