Iyo umuntu anyweye inzoga zijya he ?
Iyo umuntu anyweye inzoga ihita ijya mu maraso iciye mu gifu n'amara. Hari impamvu zimwe zatuma inzoga yihutira gukwirakwira mu maraso:
â€" Inzoga zishyushye cyangwa zifite gaz Carbonique, zirimo isukari, divayi ishyushye cyangwa se ibinyobwa bitera imbaraga.
â€" Kunywa inzoga umuntu atariye, igifu kirimo ubusa
â€" Kunywa inzoga vuba vuba
Urubuga Medisite rutangaza ko iyo inzoga imaze kugera mu maraso, ihita yihutira mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Itangira kugira ubukana nibura hashize isaha umuntu ayinyweye ari nayo mpamvu gusinda bitwara umwanya runaka bitewe n'imikorere y'umubiri wa buri muntu.
Iyo inzoga igiye no mu bindi bice by'umubiri, igera no mu bwonko. Ingaruka zayo rero ziterwa n'ingano y'inzoga yanyoye cyangwa ibihe umuntu arimo. Bamwe inzoga zituma bishima mu gihe abandi ituma barira.
Igikurikiraho ni uko umwijima utangira akazi ko gusohora 'Alcool' mu mubiri, isigaye igasoka binyuze mu mwuka, mu nkari cyangwa ibyuya. Ku mpuzandengo, umubiri usohora 'Alcool' ingana na garama 0,1 kugeza kuri garama 0,15 mu gihe kingana n'isaha. Nta bundi buryo bwo kwihutisha iri kurwa rya 'Alcool' mu mubiri.
Ingano y'inzoga mu maraso (L'alcoolémie) iterwa n'ibintu binyuranye harimo ingano y'ibiro, indeshyo cyangwa se ijanisha ry'ibinure by'umubiri. Niyo mpamvu umugore n'umugabo banyweye inzoga ingana, iganza cyane umugore ari naho hava kuvuga ko inzoga ziganza cyane abagore kurusha abagabo.
Gusaza, imiti imwe n'imwe ndetse n'indwara zimwe na zimwe cyane cyane indwara y'umwijima ni bimwe mu bituma inzoga itinda mu mubiri w'umuntu kuko uba utabashije kuyisohora nko mu bihe bisanzwe. Iyi niyo mpamvu ushaka kunywa inzoga yari akwiriye kujya abanza akabaza umuganga.
Ingaruka z'inzoga ku bice bitandukanye by'umubiri;
1. Ku bwonko: â€" Unanirwa gufata imyanzuro
â€" Ugira ikibazo cyo kureba neza
â€" Kudidimanga
â€" Ikibazo cyo mu ngingo: gususumira
2. Ku mutima:â€" Kubyimbagana k'umutima
â€" Umuvuduko udasanzwe w'amaraso
â€" Guteragura k'umutima ku buryo budasanzwe
â€" Gutera k'umutima inshuro nyinshi k'umunota
3. Ku gifu:â€" Bitera kubyimba inda ( kuzana nyakubahwa)
â€" Bitera kuruka kuko iyo inzoga ibaye nyinshi ihinduka uburozi
â€" Bitera ibibazo mu gifu
â€" Bishobora kugutera kanseri y'igifu
4. Ku mwijima:â€" Nk'uko twabibonye, kunywa nyinshi bitobagura umwijima:
â€" Zitera kubyimba k'umwijima
â€" Zitera kanseri y'umwijima
â€" Iyo kanseri ituma iyo ukomeretse amaraso adakama
â€" Kutabasha kuyungurura amaraso ngo zivanemo imyanda na mikorobe.
â€" Kurwara diyabete
5. Ku myororokere:â€" Inzoga nyinshi zituma ucika intege mu gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina
â€" Umwana uvutse ku basinzi nta bwenge buhagije agira (si kuri bose)
â€" Kubabara cyane uri mu mihango
â€" Kutiyobora mu bijyanye n'imibonano, bishobora gutuma wiyandarika
â€" Imihango iza uko yiboneye, igihe wayiteganyaga ntibe ariho iza
â€" Kuba watwitira inyuma y'umura (ectopic pregnancy)
Ubushashatsi bwakozwe n'inzobere za Kaminuza ya Inserm n'Ishuri Rikuru rya London mu Bwongereza, bugaragaza ko inzoga nyinshi zifite ingaruka mbi ku bwonko cyane cyane ku bantu bakuze.
Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bagabo 5054 n'abagore 2099 bakuze, banywa inzoga cyane bwerekanye ko bahura n'ibibazo byo kwangika ubwonko ntibabashe gukurikira neza no gukora ibintu bisaba ubwenge mu gihe kirekire.
Abantu bafite ibyago bwo kugira ikibazo cy'ubwonko ngo ni abafata ibirahuri bitatu n'igice ku munsi, ibi bituma umunywi w'inzoga w'imyaka 55 ubwonko bwe bukora nk'ubw'umusaza w'imyaka 61.
Kuba inzoga zigira ingaruka zikomeye mu mubiri no k'ubuzima bw'uzinyweye hamwe n'umuryango we, byumwihariko muri iki gihe mu Rwanda umubare wabazinywa ukomeje kwiyongera kandi wiganjemo urubyiruko, niyo mpamvu hatangijwe gahunda ya Tunyweless.
Dusobanukirwe na gahunda ya Leta y'u Rwanda yitwa Tunyweless
Gahunda ya Tunyweless yatangiye muri Nyakanga ya 2023 imara amezi 3. Igamije gushishikariza abari hagati y'imyaka 18-35 kunywa ibisindisha ku kigero cyo hasi kugirango babeho ubuzima bwiza.
Ni mu gihe icyiciro cya kabiri cyatangiye mu Ugushyingo ikazarangira muri Mutarama ya 2024. Ubukangurambaga bwayo bugamije'Inzoga si iz'Abato, Abakuru'.
Ubwo twegereje iminsi mikuru kandi ni cyo gihe abantu birekura cyane bakanywa cyane.Ni wo mwanya wo kwibutsa ko Inzoga atari iz'abato kandi abakuru bakwiye kunywa mu rugero ku bahisemo kunywa inzoga.
Iyi gahunda ya TunyweLess kandi ntigamije kubuza abantu kunywa inzoga nk'uko bamwe babitekereza ahubwo igamije kwibutsa abanyarwanda ko kunywa mu rugero ku buryo inzoga banyweye zitagira ikibazo ziteza.
Nk'uko bavuga ko ibintu byose bibaye byinshi bigira ingaruka koko nibyo. Ibi ntibigarukira ku nzoga gusa kuko n'uriye ibiryo byinshi akarenza urugero nabyo bimugiraho ingaruka kimwe n'uwanyweye amazi menshi akarenga urugero.
Abazinywa bagomba kwibuka ko nubwo inzoga ari nziza zibatera kwizihirwa zikatuma basabana n'abandi, ari nako zikomeza kubongerera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zikomeye ndetse zikanagira ingaruka mu buzima bwabo busanzwe nko mu kazi aho usanga abenshi mu bazinywa harimo abo zakirukanishije, zitumye babanye nabi n'umuryango n'ibindi. Ibi byose nibyo gahunda ya TunyweLess igamije gukuraho.
Si ibyo gusa kuko n'amafaranga azigendaho yagakwiye kugira byinshi byihutirwa akemura mu muryango.
Ku wa Gatanu tariki ya 30 Kamena 2023, nibwo Ubushakashatsi bwa kabiri Minisiteri y'Ubuzima yamuritse bwakozwe ku ndwara zitandura mu Rwanda, bwerekanye ko kunywa inzoga byiyongereyeho 6.8 mu myaka icyenda ishize nka kimwe mu byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zitandura.
Muri ubu bushakashatsi bwerekana ko kunywa inzoga mu 2013 byari kuri 41.3%, bikaba bigeze kuri 48.1%..
Muri ubu bushakashatsi,bugaragaza ko umubyibuho ukabije wavuye kuri 2.8% muri 2013 ukaba ugeze kuri 4.3% muri 2022.
Intara yiganje kugira abanywi b'inzoga ni iy'Amajyaruguru aho bari ku kigero cya 56.5%, iy'Amajyepfo nayo ni 51.6%,Iburengerazuba ni 46.5%, iy'Iburasirazuba ni 43.9%, Umujyi wa Kigali 42.0%.
Bugaragaza mu minsi 30 ubwo hakorwaga ubushakashatsi mu 2022 ko mu banywa inzoga abagabo ari 61.9% mu gihe abagore 34.%.
Ubushakashatsi bwa kabiri ku ndwara zitandura bwerekana kandi ko kunywa inzoga zikabije byongera ibyago byinshi ku bantu kuko bashobora kurwara indwara zitandura.
Bugaragaza ko abanywi b'inzoga mu buryo bukabije(ubusinzi) bwagabanyutseho 8% aho mu 2013 bwari ku 23.5% bugera kuri 15.2% mu 2022.
