Uri ni urwego rwihariye ndetse rukaba rwarahawe inshingano zikubiye mu nkingi eshatu zirimo gukumira ibyaha, gutahura ibyaha ndetse no kubigenza.
Mbere y'uko RIB ishyirwaho ni inshingano zari ziri muri Polisi y'Igihugu mu ishami rya CID (Criminal Investigation Department).
IGIHE yaganiriye n'Umuvugizi wa RIB, agaruka ku mikorere yayo mu myaka 7 imaze ishyizweho ndetse n'umusanzu wayo mu kurwanya ibyaha by'imbere mu gihugu ndetse n'ibyambukiranya imipaka.
IGIHE: Mu gihe gishize Urwego rw'Igihugu rw'Ubugenzacyaha rushyizweho, mwavuga ko ari ibiki by'ingenzi bimaze kugerwaho?
Dr Murangira: Ibimaze kugerwaho ni byinshi ariko ngira ngo wenda umuntu uri hanze niwe wabimenya ariko natwe hari ibyo tuzi twabaganiriza.
RIB yatangiye ikora akazi ishinzwe ariko nk'urwego rushya rwagombaga kumenyekana [..]. Ndibuka nyuma y'igihe gito uru rwego rutangiye hari ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na RGB babaza bati 'Ese RIB murayizi, urwego rw'Igihugu muraruzi?, icyo gihe twisanze ku kigero cya 30%.
Ibyo byaduhaye umukoro wo kugira ngo urwego turumenyekanishe. Nyuma y'umwaka umwe bongeye gusuzuma basanze abaturage baruzi hejuru ya 80%. Ubwo si ukugira ngo bamenye ngo rurahari gusa, ahubwo ni no kugira ngo bamenye ngo nibakorerwa icyaha barajya hehe.
Icyo gihe kandi harimo kubabwira ko ubufatanye bwabo mu kurwanya bya byaha biba bikenewe. Hajeho kubaka ubushobozi bw'urwego mu bijyanye n'abakozi ndetse n'ibikoresho.
Ubunyamwuga mu kazi cyari ikintu kigomba kwibandwaho cyane muri iki gihe hariho ibyaha by'inzaduka, ibyaha by'ikoranabuhanga bitari biriho mu gihe cyashize.
Ibimaze kugerwaho ni byinshi harimo gukora dosiye zifite ireme, gukumira no kumenyekanisha amategeko cyangwa ibikorwa bishya aba bantu bakora ibyaha yaba amayeri bakoresha.
Iyo ukoze isesengura usanga turi kwinjira mu Isi y'ikoranabuhanga aho riri gukoreshwa. Bya byaha byo gutera umuntu ukamuniga, bimwe ngo byo gutera gatarina bigenda bishira kubera ko abaturage bamaze kubona ko uramutse uteye umuntu gutyo baragufata, noneho batangira bya byaha bita 'White-collar crime'.
Hahandi umuntu akubwira ko hari aho uri bushore ukunguka, ariko mu by'ukuri ya mafaranga akayagutwara kandi ari wowe uyamwihereye. Aho niho bwa bunyamwuga buba bukenewe. Aho hari hakenewe ubushobozi no kongera abakozi kugira ngo bya byaha bigende birwanwa.
Ibyaha bikoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga abantu babifiteho ubumenyi ni bake cyane ku buryo bisaba ko ubigisha akababwira ko ibintu byose ubonye ku ikoranabuhanga atari ukuri.
Muri make urwego rwariyubatse, twatangiye abakozi ari nka 500 ariko ubu tugeze ku 1500. RIB ihagarariwe mu gihugu hose. Urumva ko mu rwego rwo kwiyubaka hari ibyagezweho.
Perezida wacu iteka areba ibibereye u Rwanda kugira ngo hanozwe imikorere. Niyo mpamvu mubona habaho amavugurura ni ukugira ngo ikintu ugikore neza cyangwa se kibe cyiza kurusha uko cyari kimeze.
Mu mavugururwa rero agenda akorwa ntabwo ubutabera bwasigaye inyuma. Aho hatandukanyijwe inshingano ku mutekano w'abantu n'ibintu ndetse n'ubugenzacyaha.
IGIHE: Inshingano za RIB by'umwihariko ni izihe?
Dr Murangira: Gukumira ibyaha ni ukwigisha abantu bakareka ibyaha ndetse n'icyari kigiye gukorwa kikaburizwamo. Hari n'ubundi buryo kuko iyo umuntu afunzwe hari ikindi cyaha uba ukumiriye.
Gutahura rero ni igihe babandi bakoze icyaha bakagihisha, akazi ka RIB ni ukubitahura kuko uwakoze icyaha ntabwo aba ashaka ko bimenyekana.
Kugenza icyaha rero ni cya gihe biba byabaye noneho hagakorwa iperereza. Uko amategeko ateye rero iyo rwamra iperereza aze gukora dosiye rukohereza muri parike ariyo bushinjacyaha, nabwo bugakora iyisumbuye, nabo bamara gukora ibyabo bakabyoherereza urukiko.
IGIHE: Kugenza ibyaha bihagaze gute mu Rwanda?
Dr Murangira: Kwisuzuma biba bigoye ariko kugenza ibyaha mu Rwanda bihagaze neza kuko iyo ubirebye nkatwe b'abagenzacyaha ubona ko ubushake buhari, ubumenyi buhari ndetse n'ubufatanye buhari mu kugenza ibyaha.
IGIHE: Ibyaha Abanyarwanda bakunze gufatirwamo ni ibihe?
Dr Murangira: Nta byaha navuga ko ari umwihariko ku Rwanda, ibyaha bikorwa ahandi usanga no mu Rwanda bihari gusa habaho itandukaniro y'uburyo biba byakozwe ndetse n'ikigaragara mu Rwanda ni uwagikoze n'amahirwe yo kuba atafatwa, aho niho bitandukaniye.
Amahirwe yo kugira ngo birangire adafashwe niyo make cyane. Uyu ni umwanya wo kuboneraho kwibutsa abantu ko inzira y'ibyaha atari inzira nziza kuko iteka irangira bigoranye.
Mu Rwanda turi ku rwego umuntu asigaye akora icyaha nta mahirwe afite yo kuba yacika ntafatwe. Ni ugukorana n'inzego ndetse n'abaturage kugira ngo ubutabera butangwe.
IGIHE: Ese RIB yitwaza intwaro mu kazi nk'izindi nzego z'umutekano nkz Polisi n'izindi?
Dr Murangira: Yego turabyemerewe! Kuko itegeko ryashyizeho RIB ni uko abagenzacyaha bemerewe kwitwaza intwaro mu kazi kabo. Aka ni akazi kadusaba guhura n'abakoze ibyaha.
Mu bantu bakoze ibyaha rero haba harimo bamwe bafite indi mitekerereze. Icyo gihe rero hagomba kubaho ubwirinzi. Usibye amahugurwa abagenzacyaha bahabwa mu kugenza ibyaha, bahabwa n'andi yo gukoresha intwaro. Hari igihe akazi kagusaba kuba uyifite kubera ubwirinzi.
IGIHE: Imikorere ya RIB n'izindi nzego zigenza ibyaha mu bindi bihugu ihagaze gute?
Dr Murangira: Aho Isi igeze, hari ibyo bita ibyaha nyambukiranyamipaka. Ni igihe umuntu ashobora gukora icyaha agahungira mu kindi gihugu cyangwa akaba yicaye mu gihugu kimwe akinjira muri banki yo mu kindi gihugu.
Aho rero hakenerwa imikoranire y'ibindi bihugu ariko duhereye ku byo twegeranye mu Karere, hakanarebwa uburyo bibanye mu buryo bw'umwuka wa politiki.
Hari kandi uburyo bwa Polisi Mpuzamahanga (Interpol) aho ibihugu bihanahana amakuru ku byaha nk'ibyo. Muri RIB rero harimo ishami rya Interpol rikora akazi ko gukurikirana abanyabyaha bahungiye mu mahanga.
Ubu ibihugu byose biri muri Interpol bifite system ikora amasaha 24 mu minsi irindwi kandi iba iri ku mipaka no ku bibuga by'indege. Iyo umuntu aramutse yibye agahungira mu kindi gihugu, urayifata ukayuzuzamo, igihugu cyose azinjiramo bahita bamubona.
Hari benshi bibye bagahungira hano tukabasubizayo, si ku bantu gusa kuko hari ibinyabiziga duherutse gusubizayo byibwe mu bihugu by'i Burayi bifatirwa hano mu Rwanda tubisubiza ba nyirabyo.
IGIHE: Akenshi dukunze kubona mukora ubukangurambaga butandukanye, ese mwaba mutekereza kuri diaspora?
Dr Murangira: Hari ubutumwa duherutse gutanga bugenewe Aba-diaspora by'umwihariko. Byari bijyanye n'ubwambuzi bushukana bushingiye ku bupfumu, bushingiye ku buhanuzi bupfuye, bushingiye no kuvurwa indwara zananiranye.
Imbuga nkoranyambaga zaraje kandi zikoreshwa n'abantu bose. Rero n'abiyamamaza bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga. Abakora ubupfumu rero nabo bariyamamaje bakoresheje izo mbuga nkoranyambaga.
Tujya tubona aba-diaspora batwandikira bavuga ngo umupfumu runaka yamwandikiye amuteka umutwe, yamwambuye amafaranga.
Hari undi uherutse kuvuga ko yabwiwe n'umuhanuzi ko bamuroze bakabitaba mu bihugu bitandukanye, birangira amutwaye agera ku bihumbi 20$. Yamubwiraga ko natayamuha mu kwezi kumwe apfa.
Bajya bavuga ko aba-diaspora basobanutse ariko abantu bajijwa nta gice batabamo. Twabagiriye inama yo gufata ayo mafaranga bakaza kuyashora mu gihugu aho kuyatera inyoni.
Kandi iyo dufashe abakoze ibyo byaha batubwira ko iby'abapfu biribwa n'abapfumu.
Hari abavuga ko bavura abasore imibiri yabo ikagira uko ihinduka kandi n'abakobwa nuko. Ugasanga kuri litiro aratanga ibihumbi 100 Frw kandi mu by'ukuri ari igicuncu yamuvugutiye.
Muri iyi minsi kandi bari kubeshyanya urukundo, aho ku ikoranabuhanga bavugana ibyo guhura, ibintu nk'ibyo.
Ntabwo twibagiwe ko hari n'aba-diaspora babeshya abantu ba hano. Bakababeshya ko wenda ibintu bigura make iwabo. Icyo gihe rero dutanga ubutumwa ku mpande zombi.
Urwego rw'ubugenzacyaha rushinzwe kugenza ibyaha nshinjabyaha, ntabwo ari mbonezamubano. Ni ukuvuga ngo hari abatubwira ngo kanaka namugurije amafaranga none yanze kunyishyura, mu by'ukuri ibyo si ibya RIB.
IGIHE: RIB ikora iki ku bakwirakwiza ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda, bari hanze?
Dr Murangira: Buriya RIB igenza ibyaha byakorewe ku butaka bw'u Rwanda cyangwa se byakorewe umunyamahanga uri ku butaka bw'u Rwanda. Hari ikintu gihari cy'uko imbuga nkoranyambaga zikoreshwa n'abeza ndetse n'ababi.
Hari abakwirakwiza ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside babicisha ku mbuga nkoranyambaga cyangwa imvugo z'urwango. Izo mbuga zabereyeho gukoreshwa neza.
Ibyo tubona ni abantu bo hanze bashuka abantu bo mu Rwanda, ngo barabaha amafaranga runaka, ngo barabatera inkunga, ngo barabagurira Camera n'ibindi ngo bajye bavuga amagambo arimo ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside, kuyipfobya, kuyihakana, kuyiha ishingiro ndetse n'imvugo zikurura amacakubiri.
Ababikora barafungwa kuko hari abo byabayeho, baha akazi abandi nabo bagafungwa ariko kugeza ubu abo babwira baranga bagafata umwanzuro wo kubyikorera.
Umukoro uhari ni uko abantu bakunda u Rwanda kandi barushakira ineza bakwiriye gushyiramo akagufu mu kurwanya abantu bapfobya Jenoside. Ntibaturusha ijwi kandi irizima niryo rigomba kumvikana.
Abo bantu kandi ibyaha bakora bihanwa muri bimwe mu bihugu barimo kuko gupfobya Jenoside si iyakorewe Abatutsi. Ni umukoro wa buri wese ukunda u Rwanda ku kubeshyuza abo. Ababikorera mu Rwanda barakurikiranwa ariko n'ibihugu barimo bikwiriye kumva ko ari ikibazo bakabikurikirana.
