Muri Mutarama 2021, Umunyemari w'Umunyamerika akaba n'Umuyobozi wa Space X ikora ibyogajuru n'ubushakashatsi mu Isanzure, Elon Musk, yatangaje ko afite gahunda yo kugeza abantu ku Mubumbe wa Mars bitarenze mu 2026.
Urwego rw'Abanyamerika rushinzwe iby'Isanzure, NASA, narwo rurakataje mu mushinga wo koherezeyo abashakashatsi ba mbere bitarenze mu 2030, mu mushinga wiswe Artemis, ukubiyemo na gahunda yo kubanza kohereza umugore n'umugabo ku kwezi mu 2024.
Ni mu gihe mu 2016, Musk yatangaje ko abagera kuri miliyoni imwe bazaba batuye kuri Mars mu myaka ya 2060.
Hateganywa ko icyo gihe hazaba haramaze kubakwa amazu ateye nk'ibihumyo munsi y'ubutaka bw'uwo Mubumbe utukura, cyangwa hakaba harashyizwe imijyi yubatse mu bimeze nk'imitaka.
Ku ikubitiro, hazabanza kubakwa ibikorwa byorohereza ingendo z' ibyogajuru, urugomero rw'amashanyarazi n'ubuhinzi.
Mu bihangayikishije harimo kuba ikirere (atmosphere) cya Mars cyiganjemo umwuka wa Dioxide de Carbone (95.32%), naho Oxygène ihari ikaba 0.13% gusa kandi ari wo abantu bakenera cyane bahumeka. Ku Isi, haba Oxygène ingana na 20.95%, na Dioxide de Carbone ingana na 0.03%.
Gusa hejuru ya byose hari ikibazo benshi bacyibaza: Bizasaba iki ku muntu uzaba ashaka gukora urugendo rwerekeza kuri Mars?
Muri Werurwe 2024, Musk yatangaje ko icyogajuru cya Starship kizaba cyamaze kugera kuri Mars mu myaka itanu iri imbere. Ni icyogajuru cyitezweho kuzoroshya ingendo zijya n'iziva mu Isanzure, kigatwara abantu n'ibintu.
Nyuma y'amageragezwa atandukanye Space X irimo gukora kuri icyo cyogajuru, byitezweko kizaba gishobora kugeza abantu ku mibumbe itandukanye kikanabakurayo.
Kumwe wishyura indege ikakujyana iyo ugiye wasoza ibyakujyanye ugatega indi ikugarura, ni ko Musk arimo gutegura icyo cyogajuru ngo kizajye kigeza mu Isanzure ababyifuza, n'abashaka kuvayo kibagarure ku Isi.
Urugendo ruzasaba iki?
Intera iri hagari y'Isi na Mars igenda ihindagurika bitewe n'ibihe, ariko iyo ishyizwe ku mpuzandengo iba kilometero miliyoni 225.
Urugendo rwerekeza kuri Mars no kuvayo, hateganywa ko ruzajya rutwara imyaka itatu. Ni mu gihe ururerure ruzwi mu zakorewe mu Isanzure, ari urwakozwe n'Umurusiya Valeri Polyakov wamazeyo iminsi 437.
Musk yavuze ko umuntu wifuza kujya kuri Mars azajya yishyura $100,000 nk'ikiguzi.
Ku rundi ruhande, kwishyura icyo kiguzi ntibihagije ngo ujyeyo. Bijyanye n'uko hari ibibazo byinshi bitarabonerwa ibisubizo ku ngaruka imiterere ya Mars ishobora kugira ku mubiri w'umuntu, Musk avuga ko mbere yo kwemererwa kujyayo, ugomba kwemeza niba 'witeguye gupfa'.
Uzemera ko yiteguye gupfa, azahita ahabwa umwanya mu ba mbere.
Ingendo za mbere Starship izakorera kuri Mars zizibanda ku gutwara ibicanwa n'ibyo ibyogajuru bizajya byifashisha ngo bibashe kuva kuri uwo Mubumbe, imizigo irimo ibyo abantu bazakenera bahageze, ndetse n'itsinda ry'abashakashatsi barimo abazubaka ibikorwaremezo bihakenewe, n'abazahategura neza kugira ngo abantu bazahisange.
Abazajya kuhatura mu ba mbere bazabanza bacukure urubura rutwikiriwe n'ubutaka, barwifashishe kugira ngo babone amazi bakenera, ari nayo azafasha kubaka urugomero rw'amashanyarazi azajya abamurikira.
Mu myiteguro NASA irimo yo kohereza abashakashatsi kuri Mars bitarenze mu 2030, iriga uburyo hazajya hifashishwa ibyogajuru byihuta cyane kugira ngo urugendo rwihute.
NASA kandi irimo gutegura uburyo buzakingira abo bashakashatsi ntibagirweho ingaruka n'ubushyuhe bwinshi buba kuri uwo Mubumbe. Ibyo bigendana no kubakorera imyenda ikoranye ikoranabuhanga rihambaye.
Hari kandi kubaka uburyo bazajya babona ingufu z'amashanyarazi bitabagoye, ndetse n'uburyo bwizewe buzabashoboza kohereza amakuru menshi ku Isi.
Source : http://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/ushaka-gukora-urugendo-rwerekeza-kuri-mars-azasabwa-iki
