Mu myaka mike ishize, Leta ya Uganda yavuguruye ndetse inagura umuhanda uhuza Umujyi wa Mbarara na Kabale, ari nawo ukomeza ugana mu Rwanda.
Ni umuhanda mwiza gusa Perezida Yoweri Museveni yababajwe n'uko atabonaga umusaruro ukwiriye ku ishoramari wakozweho. Awugarukaho, yanenze Abanya-Uganda, avuga ko batabyaza umusaruro ibikorwaremezo bishya mu kwiteza imbere, mu buryo bw'urwenya avuga ko uwo muhanda ukoreshwa mu 'gukwirakwiza ibihuha' aho gutwara ibicuruzwa.
Icyo gihe ntabwo iryo Jambo rye ryakiriwe neza na bose, gusa ucukumbuye neza ntubura kubona ukuri mu byo yavugaga. Uretse iyo mihanda yubatswe, hirya no hino mu gihugu hashyizwe ibikorwaremezo by'amashanyarazi gusa ikwirakwira ryayo ntabwo byatumye havuka inganda nto n'iziciriritse nk'uko byateganywaga.
Ibintu bibiri byonyine byungukiye mu iyubakwa ry'ibyo bikorwaremezo ni insengero n'utubari, ndetse n'imisigiti hamwe na hamwe.
Ibi kandi si umwihariko wa Uganda gusa, ahubwo ni inkuru rusange muri Afurika. Mu bihugu byinshi byo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara, ntushobora gukora urugendo rurerure unyura mu byaro n'imijyi mito, ngo ubure kugenda wumva urusaku rw'imiziki mu maduka n'utubari, ari nako uhura n'abantu benshi, cyane cyane urubyiruko, bari aho ku mihanda bazenguruka ariko nta kintu bafite cyo gukora.
Inkengero z'imihanda usanga zikikijwe n'insengero, yaba izihamara igihe gito n'iziharamba, inyigisho z'abavugabutumwa zumvikana hirya no hino. Kuva ku wa Gatanu na weekend yose, umuziki karundura uba wumvikana kugera bukeye, kandi ubwo inyigisho nazo zikomeza ubudahagarara.
Mu bihugu by'Amajyaruguru ya Afurika, aho insengero n'utubari atari byinshi, naho usanga bijya kumera kimwe. Imiziki imena amatwi iba ivuza ubuhuha, kandi ubwo abagabo bato n'abakuru bicaye ku nkengero z'imihanda banywa icyayi n'ikawa, ari nako batumura itabi ku karubanda.
Ibijyanye no kubaka inganda zikora amasaha 24 ku yandi ni inzozi zitari hafi kuba impamo, mu gihe insengero n'utubari ari byo bikoresha umuriro w'amashanyarazi n'imihanda yatwegerejwe byubakwa hirya no hino muri Afurika.
Ejo bundi i Kibera mu Mujyi wa Nairobi, aha hakaba agace k'amanegeka ka mbere kanini muri Afurika, muri buri bilometero 2,5 by'umuhanda wa gari ya moshi utarakoreshwaga cyane icyo gihe, ku Cyumweru washoboraga kuhasanga insengero 50, hagati y'urusengero n'urundi harimo intera itarenze metero 10.
Nigeria, igihugu cya mbere gituwe cyane muri Afurika kikaba na kimwe mu bifite ubukungu bunini kuri uyu Mugabane, cyari kizwiho kugira insengero ziruta ubwinshi bw'ibitaro, amashuri ndetse n'inganda byose ubiteranyirije hamwe. Hari n'abatebya bavuga ko kuba ubukungu bwa Nigeria butakiri ubwa mbere bunini muri Afurika, bishobora kuba bifitanye isano n'ubwiyongere budasanzwe bw'insengero n'imisigiti.
Gusa ibi bitandukanye cyane n'uko ibintu bimeze mu Bushinwa, igihugu cyohereza muri Afurika byinshi mu byo dukoresha mu ngo zacu. Bamwe mu Banyafurika bajya kurangura muri icyo gihugu, bakunze gushyikira mu Mujyi wa Guangzhou usobanurwa 'nk'iguriro ry'inganda zo mu Ntara ya Guangdong iyoboye izindi mu kohereza ibicuruzwa byinshi mu mahanga, aho yuzuyemo amaguriro acuruza ibikoresho byose watekereza, kuva ku byo mu gikoni kugera ku bikoreshwa mu modoka.'
Uyu Mujyi niwo utuyemo Abanyafurika benshi muri icyo gihugu, babarirwa hagati y'ibihumbi 20 n'ibihumbi 100. Gusa nk'uko abo Banyafurika babivuga, kenshi bakunze gutemberera mu mijyi mito y'u Bushinwa aho baba bagiye gushaka ibicuruzwa bihendutse kurushaho, rimwe na rimwe ku kigero cya 50% ugereranyije n'ibicururizwa i Guangzhou.
Ibyo babona ku mihanda bagana muri ibyo byaro, ni ishusho itandukanye cyane n'ibyo ubona muri Afurika. Mu rugendo, ugenda uhura n'inganda nto aho abagabo n'abagore baba bari kudoda imyenda, bakora ibikoresho bito birimo nk'uburoso, ibisokozo, udupapuro duto n'ibindi byinshi.
Kuko u Bushinwa ari igihugu gituwe n'abaturage benshi batemera Imana, biragoye kubona urusengero ku nzira.
Gusa ntabwo ibijyanye n'imyizerere bisobanura neza iri tandukaniro. Mu myaka ya mbere y'iyaduka ry'inganda mu Burayi bw'Abakirisitu, ibyo wabonaga mu byaro n'inkengero z'imijyi ntaho bitaniye n'ibyo ubona mu Bushinwa. Mu Burayi wahasangaga abakora ibijyanye n'ubugeni, ibishushanyo, imitako, ibikoresho by'umuziki n'ibindi byinshi.
Mu bihugu nk'u Butaliyani, igihugu cya cyenda gifite ubukungu bunini ku Isi ugendeye ku musaruro mbumbe wacyo, n'uyu munsi usanga ibyo bihangano n'ubugeni bikigize igice kinini cy'ubukungu.
Ishoramari ryakozwe mu bikorwaremezo mu Bushinwa, ryatumye havuka inganda bityo hongerwa umusaruro ku kigero Abanyafurika tudashobora kwiyumvisha.
Mu gihe abandi bateje imbere inganda zibyara umusaruro, muri Afurika usanga ubucuruzi bushingiye ku Mana burusha imbaraga ibindi bikorwa biteza imbere ubukungu mu kwigarurira amarangamutima y'Abanyafurika, igihe cyabo, amafaranga yabo, ibikorwaremezo bubaka ndetse n'imbaraga zabo, aho bigoye kubona urundi rwego rw'ubukungu rukurura Abanyafurika nk'uko insengero zibigenza.
Mu ntangiriro za Kanama, u Rwanda rwahagaritse insengero zirenga ibihumbi bine zirimo n'imisigiti mike, ndetse n'ahantu harenga 100 h'ubuvumo, hasengerwaga mu buryo butemewe. Aha hantu hose hahagaritswe kubera kutubahiriza amabwiriza ateganyijwe, arimo no kuba hatari hari uburyo bwo kugenzura urusaku ruhaturuka. Ibi byatumye insengero zose zifungwa muri rusange zirenga 5.600 mu myaka itandatu ishize.
Perezida Paul Kagame yakomoje ku buryo izi nsengero zikoreshwa mu nyungu z'abaziyobora, agaya insengero zikura amafaranga mu baturage mu buryo butaboneye, anagaragaza ko izi nsengero zigira uruhare mu gukenesha Abanyarwanda kandi ko zikwiriye gutanga umusoro nk'ibindi bikorwa byose by'ubucuruzi mu gihe zitahindura imyitwarire.
Gusa gusimbura insengero n'utubari bizaba urugamba rukomeye ugereranyije n'umwanya byombi bifite ku marangamutima y'Abanyafurika. Ubibonera nko mu buryo abafite ibyo bikorwa bihutira gufatirana amahirwe azanwa n'iterambere ry'imijyi mishya ndetse n'ubwiyongere bw'abaturage, aho usanga babegereza ibikorwa byabo kurusha uko za guverinoma zibegereza ibikorwa by'iterambere.
Mu gihe uruhare rw'umuryango mu burere no kwita ku bawugize ruri kugenda rucyendera uko iterambere ryaguka hirya no hino mu mijyi ya Afurika, Abanyafurika benshi batagira akazi, bakeneye ahantu handi habahumuriza cyane cyane iyo bari guhura n'ubuzima butoroshye bwo mu mijyi.
Ibi kenshi binajyana n'uko usanga inzozi z'urubyiruko rw'Abanyafurika rwagize amahirwe yo kwiga no gukurira mu bihugu bifite ubukungu buzamuka neza, zitaragezweho nk'uko rwabyifuzaga.
Ibi byerekanwa n'imibare y'ubushomeri. 60% by'Abanyafurika ni urubyiruko ruri munsi y'imyaka 25, ariko abadafite akazi bikubye kabiri abarengeje imyaka 25 badafite akazi. Mu mpera za 2023, 60% by'urubyiruko rw'Abanyafurika ntabwo rwagiraga akazi.
Mu gihe nta kazi gahari, ikindi kintu cyiza urwo rubyiruko rwagira ni icyizere cy'uko ejo ibintu bizagenda neza, ari nabyo insengero zitanga cyane.
Insengero ntizisengesha abantu gusa, zinafasha Abanyafurika bari mu bihe bigoye, nk'abari mu bukene n'abandi, kubaho muri ubwo buzima no kwiyakira. Ibi ni kimwe n'uko bigenda ku marushanwa nka Premier League nayo agira urwo ruhare.
Insengero kandi zitanga icyizere cyane mu buryo bwagutse, zikanamenya kugikoresha mu gushaka amafaranga, binyuze mu kugaragaza ko Imana izahemba abatanga amafaranga n'impano zihenze ku bavugabutumwa babo hano ku Isi.
Iyo bigeze ku kwiyegereza abaturage ndetse no gucuruza icyizere mu bantu, ni nk'aho amadini akina mu cyiciro cya mbere za guverinoma za Afurika zigakina mu cyiciro cya gatatu, dore ko zitanashobora kubyaza umusaruro umugisha zifite.
Wibaze ko guverinoma nyinshi muri Afurika, Umugabane ufite umugisha wo kugira umutungo kamere mwinshi, zananiwe kuwubyaza inyungu, ahubwo ugasanga bikorwa n'ibigo by'ubucuruzi mu Burayi na Aziya.
Iyo izo guverinoma zigira ubushobozi bwo kubyaza amafaranga umugisha zitunze, nk'uko insengero zibigenza, zikayakoresha mu guteza imbere abaturage, byashoboka ko izo nsengero zikama abaturage n'utubari dusakuza ijoro ryose bitari kubaho. Ahari wenda za nganda nto ziri mu nkengero z'imihanda yo mu byaro by'u Bushinwa, zanabaho ku nkengero z'imihanda yo muri Afurika.
Source : http://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/imana-utubari-imihanda-n-ibyago-ku-bukungu-bwa-afurika
