Birumvikana ko nawe wakabaye utangazwa n'uyu Mubumbe udasanzwe, icyakora iby'aya matsiko ntibyenda gushira, kuko umuntu wa mbere ashobora kuzakandagiza ikirenge kuri Mars nko mu myaka icumi iri imbere, akishyura atari munsi y'ibihumbi 200$ mu rugendo rushobora kugera kuri kilometero miliyoni 54.6, ubwo ni igihe Isi na Mars byegeranye cyane.
Nta gushidikanya ko ibi bizagora benshi, icyakora nk'uko Umunyarwanda yabivuze, 'ubuze inda yica umugi.'
Iyi niyo mpamvu tujyanye muri Wadi Rum cyangwa se mu Kibaya cy'Ukwezi, Ubutayu bufite ishusho ijya gusa neza neza n'Umubumbe wa Mars ku buryo na filime wabonye zigaragaramo uyu Mubumbe nka 'Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen', 'The Last Days on Mars,' 'The Martian na 'Red Planet', amashusho yazo yafatiwe muri ubu Butayu.
Aha nanjye nahakandagije ibirenge, mbanza kugira ngo ndi kurota.
Si Ubutayu bunini cyane kuko bungana na kilometero kare 720, bukagira ubutaka bujya gutukura, burimo ibitare by'amabuye birimo ibyabayeho mu myaka miliyari 4.6, neza neza nyuma gato y'uko iturika ryatangije Isanzure ribayeho (Big Bang).
Ni ahantu hari imisozi miremire, kuko nk'umusozi wa Jebel Rum ufite uburebure bwa metero 1,754 z'uburebure. Gusa nubwo ari Ubutayu, harimo n'ibimera bike, bimwe bishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe budasanzwe bwo mu Butayu.
Ikidasanzwe kuri iyi misozi n'ibitare, ni uko bidahagaze gusa, ahubwo bibitse amateka adasanzwe kubera ibishushanyo biyiriho. Ni ibishushanyo byashyizweho ahanini n'abantu bazwi nk'Aba-Nabatéens babaye muri ubu Butayu no mu nkengero zaho kuva mu kinyejana cya kane mbere ya Yesu.
Mu Gitabo cya Matayo Igice cya Kabiri, umurongo wa mbere, hagira hati 'Yesu amaze kuvukira i Betelehemu mu gihugu cy'i Yudaya ku ngoma y'umwami Herode, haza abanyabwenge baturutse Iburasirazuba bajya i Yerusalemu, barabaza bati…'
Nubwo Bibiliya itemeza neza niba aba banyabwenge bari Aba-Nabatéens, abashakashatsi benshi bagaragaje ko iki gice cyavugwaga cyo mu Burasirazuba, ari iki cya Wadi Rum cyari gituyemo Aba-Nabatéens aho bari banafite imbaraga cyane mu bijyanye n'ubucuruzi, dore ko ari nabo bahanze Umujyi wa Petra.
Aba rero bagize uruhare runini mu gushushanya bimwe mu bishushanyo birenga ibihumbi 25 bishushanyije ku mabuye n'ibitare biri muri ubu Butayu. Byiganjemo ibijyanye n'imihigo, umuco ndetse n'ibindi bitanga amakuru y'imibereho yo muri ibyo bihe.
Igihugu cy'Abanyamahoro bifitemo umuco wo kwakira abashyitsi
Mu bandi bahabaye bakanashushanya kuri bya bitare harimo abo mu bwoko bw'Aba-Thamudiques n'Aba-Safavides, aba bakaba ari amwe mu moko y'Abarabu yo hambere.
Aha hantu kandi hatuye Aba-Bédouins ari nabo bahabaye nyuma ndetse n'ubu bakaba bagihari, ndetse akaba ari nabo tugiye kwitsaho cyane.
Impamvu ni uko Aba-Bédouins ari bo mutima wa Jordanie nyirizina. Nibura hagati ya 40% na 45% by'abatuye iki gihugu, ni abafite inkomoko muri ubu bwoko. Ibi kandi ntibiri mu mpapuro gusa, ahubwo ushobora kubisanisha n'ubuzima busanzwe bwa buri munsi.
Muri rusange, Jordanie ni kimwe mu bihugu bifite abaturage babayeho mu mahoro adasanzwe. Nk'ubu iki gihugu gituranye na Iraq ndetse na Syria, ibihugu byazahajwe n'intambara ndetse byugarijwe n'inkurikizi zayo, zirimo urugomo, ubwicanyi, ubujura budasanzwe, icuruzwa ry'abantu n'ibiyobyabwenge n'ibindi.
Ibi ariko ntibigera muri Jordanie kuko ari kimwe mu bihugu birimo amahoro mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, ibituma kibasha kwita ku zindi gahunda z'iterambere. Nk'urugero, Jordanie ni kimwe mu bihugu bifite abaganga benshi mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, aho nibura gifite abaganga 27 ku baturage ibihumbi 10. Qatar na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abarabu, ibihugu bikize cyane kuyirusha, nibyo biri imbere muri ako gace.
Nibura buri mwaka, iki gihugu cyakira abanyeshuri ibihumbi 30 biga iby'ubuvuzi, mu gihe cyinjiza miliyari 1$ aturutse mu bantu bajya kwivurizayo, kikinjiza miliyoni 280$ aturuka mu bikoresho by'ubuvuzi cyohereza mu mahanga mu gihe urwego rw'ubuvuzi muri rusange, rugira uruhare rungana na 3.2% by'umusaruro mbumbe w'icyo gihugu, ukabakaba miliyari 50$.
Kwakira neza abakerarugendo, yaba abaje kwivuza cyangwa gusura ibyiza nyaburanga, ni kimwe mu bigize umuco w'abaturage ba Jordanie.
Aba-Bédouins twigeze kugarukaho, ni abantu bafite umuco wo kwakira abandi neza. Mu muco wabo, ni abantu baranzwe n'ubucuruzi kuva kera, bagakora n'indi mirimo yiganjemo ubuhigi.
Iyo Umu-Bédouins yananirwaga wenda agiye nko mu bucuruzi kure y'iwabo, icyo yakoraga ni ugushaka urugo ruri hafi aho, ubundi akinjiramo.
Uwamwakiriye ntiyashoboraga kumubaza ikimugenza cyangwa icyamubayeho, ahubwo yamuhaga ifunguro ndetse n'aho kurambika umusaya. Nibura ku munsi wa gatatu, mu gihe umushyitsi atibwirije ngo abivuge, nibwo noneho nyir'urugo yashobora gusaba umushyitsi gusobanura ikimugenza, cyangwa se icyamudindije mu rugendo rwe.
Ikindi kiri mu muco w'aba bantu ni ugusangira. Kera iyo Umu-Bédouins yicaga inyamaswa runaka, yahamagaraga abaturanyi n'abandi bantu bakayisangira kugeza ishize, dore ko nta buryo bwariho icyo gihe bwo kubika inyama igihe kirekire, kandi bakaba bari banatuye ahantu hashyuha cyane, bigoye ko wabika inyama iminsi myinshi itarangirika.
Uyu muntu wafashe umuhigo yabaga yizeye ko na we ejo azatumirwa kujya kurya ahandi bityo bityo, ku buryo wasangaga nta muntu ufite umuco wo kwikubira utuntu twe, ahubwo abantu bakabaho basangira muri rusange, ari nako basangiza abandi badafite ubushobozi bwo kwibonera umuhigo.
N'uyu munsi iyo ugeze muri Jordanie, urugwiro wakiranwa rutandukanye n'urusanzwe ruboneka ahandi, kuko abantu baho bahora baseka, bakaba abantu batuje badasakuza cyane.
Reka twigarukire ku ifunguro!
Urumva kugendagenda ubwo Butayu ku zuba, bijya kugera saa sita neza neza mu nda byanze, ari nako bagize batya baraturembuza, batwereka aho twicara ngo twice isari.
Ibyo kurya ntacyo dupfa, ku buryo rwose nashatse ahantu heza hari butume nezererwa uwo mwanya nari ngiyemo. Hagati y'imisozi ibiri miremire ihurira hejuru ku buryo izuba ritakugeraho, niho narambije ntegereza ifunguro.
Iryo nakiriye ni iryitwa 'Mansaf' gusa ikibabaje ni uko ntabona uko ngusobanurira uburyohe bwaryo mu gihe utarariryaho, kuko rwose nagize ngo ni ibitangaza biri kumbaho, birandenga.
Ni ifunguro rigizwe n'umuceri ushobora gutekwa mu buryo butandukanye, rimwe ukaza usa n'umweru cyangwa se umuhondo bitewe n'ibirungo byashyizwemo. Uyu muceri uba uriho inyama y'intama, inyama iryoha cyane.
Izi nyama ziba zitekewe mu isosi y'amata y'intama, ubwo hejuru hagashyirwaho imboga nke ndetse n'ubunyobwa buke.
Ibyago nagize ni uko igifu cyambanye gito, neza neza nashatse kwibera nk'ingamiya narebaga imbere yanjye, ngo mfate ifunguro ryinshi ku buryo nari kuzarikoresha mu gihe kirekire kiri imbere.
Umunyenga w'ingamiya watumye nitekerezaho
Nyuma yo gufungura, naricaye ndiyumvira, bwa mbere mu mateka mbasha gusobanukirwa ya mvugo 'y'akaryoshye kadahora mu itama'. Mu gihe nari nkiri kwibaza niba uwavumbuye iyo nteruro bwa mbere yarabitewe na 'Mansaf,' nibwo nabonye ingamiya imbere yanjye integereje, bati 'haguruka yewe ibyiza biri imbere,' n'uko ndasindagira no ku mugongo wayo ngo Ba!
Mu by'ukuri kenshi dutekereza ko umunyenga ari nko kugenda mu modoka ku muvuduko wo hejuru cyane, wiruka cyane ukatakata amakoni uvuza amahoni mbega byacitse, kandi sinaguseka kuko nanjye ni uko nabyumvaga.
Gusa umunsi nicaye ku mugongo w'ingamiya natangiye kwitekerezaho, nibaza impamvu umunyenga nawumvaga muri ubwo buryo bw'umuvuduko gusa.
Uvuga aba atarabona koko, reka mbabwire ko umunyenga w'ingamiya ukwiriye kuzaharanira kuwumva, ataba wowe wenda akazaba umwana wawe.
Iyi ni inyamaswa itihuta, yigendera gake cyane imeze nk'iri kubyina akaririmbo gatuje, ahanini bitewe n'uburebure bwayo bushobora kugera kuri metero ebyiri cyangwa zirenga, ndetse n'uburemere kuko iyakuze neza ishobora kugeza kuri toni y'ibiro, uretse ko inyinshi zigeza ku biro biri hagati ya 400 na 700.
Hari impamvu Aba-Bédouins babanye n'ingamiya mu myaka irenga ibihumbi bitatu, ni uko ari inyamaswa ifite imbaraga, ikihanganira ubuzima bugoye bw'ubutayu, ikaba ishobora kuramba kuko ishobora kumara imyaka 40, kandi ikaba yitonda cyane, ari nako ishobora kwikorera ibintu biremereye.
Aba-Bédouins bo bakubwira ko ubuzima butari gushoboka mu Butayu iyo izo nyamaswa zitaza kubana nabo.
Ni inyamaswa ituje, irakureka ukayurira rwose nta rwaserera, ubundi igatangira igakora urugendo rugana aho uyiyobora. Ubwo buryo iba igendamo, yizunguza hirya no hino gake gake, bituma wumva igisobanuro nyacyo cy'umunyenga koko, ari nayo mpamvu nawe mbikwifurije.
Ifunguro ritekerwa mu buvumo ndarigutuye
Ntawamenye uburyo amasaha yisunitse akagera ubwo ijoro ritangira kudutwikira, hagati aho ubwo mu nda kandi byari byongeye kwanga, ni uko bati 'mwegere hino mufate ifunguro ry'ijoro.'
Mu ba mbere nari namaze kwicara aho batweretse, mu mutwe nari nkitekerereza 'Mansaf', gusa burya hari ibihugu bigira indyo nyinshi kandi zitandukanye, bikaba akarusho kuko zinaryoha zose.
Numvise aho bavuga indyo gakondo yo muri Jordanie, itekwa bijya kumera nk'uko abasekuru baho batekaga. Birumvikana ko iby'udushya bitancika, ubwo narashamadutse nditanguranwa ndayisaba nshishikaye, bati 'humura ikitabuze mu rutoki ni amakoma.'
Iri ni ifunguro batekera mu buvumo bw'umucanga, aho bacukura umwobo, bagashyiramo icyo twagereranya n'isafuriya nini, uretse ko ubona ijya kumera nk'ingunguru. Munsi yayo, bashobora gushyiramo amakara cyangwa ibindi bitanga ubushyuhe, ubundi bagashyiramo indi safuriya cyangwa ikindi kintu kirimo ibiryo ubundi bakabitaba muri wa mwobo, bakarenzaho umucanga babitwikiriye neza, ibiryo bikamaramo amasaha nk'atatu.
Ubu buryo bw'imitekere buzwi nka 'zarb', aho ushobora kubugereranya n'ifuru y'uyu munsi. Ifunguro rivuyemo naryo, rikunze kuba ari inyama ivanzemo imboga n'ibindi birungo.
Ubu buryo iyi ndyo itekwamo buyiha umwimerere, bugatuma iryoha kandi ikaba ifite umwihariko. Narafunguye ndijuta, nshimira Imana na Leta y'u Rwanda itwagurira amarembo n'andi mahanga, tukaba twahatemberera byoroshye tukamenya uko abandi batuye Isi babayeho.
Biragahoraho!
Ni urugendo rwabaye rurerure, ruba rwiza cyane. Sinayavuga ngo nyamare, reka mbe nsubitse ubundi na we bizakuzindure, unyarukiyo dore nta Visa bisaba akanyoni katagurutse ntikamenya iyo bweze!
Andi mafoto
