Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro mu Rwanda ni urwego uwavuga ko rumaze kuba ishyiga ry'inyuma mu bukungu bw'u Rwanda ataba yibeshye, ubihakana yanyomozwa n'ibibare ya vuba aha mu 2023.
Ni imibare igaragaza ko muri uwo mwaka uru rwego ruri gutezwa imbere umunsi ku wundi rwasaruwemo arenga miliyari 1,1 Frw avuye kuri miliyoni 772 Frw mu 2022.
Bijyanye n'uko amabuye y'agaciro akenewe cyane muri iki kinyejana cya 21 kubera ibikoresho bigize uruhare runini mu buzima bwa muntu bikorwamo, u Rwanda rwashyizeho gahunda zitandukanye zirufasha kwinjiza menshi aruvuyeho.
U Rwanda ni rumwe mu bihugu bikize kuri uwo mutungo. Icyakora kugira ngo uwo mutungo wose ubyazwe umusaruro, bisaba gushyira imbaraga mu mategeko agenga ubucukuzi, afasha abiyeguriye gukora iyo mirimo kinyamwuga, imirimo itemewe igacibwa, icyizere cy'abashoramari kigatumbagira.
Ku wa 24 Nyakanga 2024 ni bwo itegeko rishya nimero 072/2024 ryo ku wa 26 Kamena 2024 ryatangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa, itegeko rije kuziba ibyuho bimwe na bimwe byari mu risanzweho ryo mu 2018.
Kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye byagaragaraga mu itegeko ryo mu 2018 cyari ibihano byahabwaga abakora ubucukuzi ndetse bagacuruza amabuye mu buryo butemewe.
Byagaragaraga ko bidakemura ikibazo, aho umuntu wabikoze yahabwaga igihano kiri munsi y'amezi atandatu n'ihazabu iri munsi ya miliyoni 1 Frw, icyakora ubu ibintu byarahindutse ndetse byitezwe ko bizajya mu buryo.
Ubu ibyaha nko gukora ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro butemewe, bihanishwa igifungo cy'imyaka igera kuri itanu n'ihazabu ya miliyoni 80 Frw, mu gihe gucuruza amabuye y'agaciro mu buryo butemewe, ubikora ashobora guhanishwa igifungo kigera ku myaka 10 n'ihazabu igera kuri miliyoni 150 Frw.
Ibyo bigaragaza uburyo Guverinoma y'u Rwanda irajwe ishinga no kurandura ibibazo byose biganisha ku gukora imirimo y'ubucukuzi itemewe mu guteza imbere uru rwego.
Ikindi ni uko gusanganwa amabuye y'agaciro cyangwa gukorera ubucukuzi mu butaka bw'undi nta ruhushya ubikora yahawe na byo byashyiriweho ibihano biremereye, aho uwabikoze agahamwa n'icyaha ahanishwa igifungo kigera ku myaka itatu n'ihazabu ya miliyoni zigera kuri 80 Frw.
Ikindi cyiza ni uko leta ifite uburenganzira bwo kwambura ububasha ibigo byasanzwe muri ibyo bikorwa bigayitse.
Ni ibikorwa bizatuma ibigo by'ubucukuzi bibazwa inshingano, cyane ko biba bizi ko bitakomeza gukora mu gihe byijanditse mu bikorwa bitemewe.
Itegeko kandi ryashyize umuco ku mabuye y'ingenzi cyane cyane akoreshwa mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho nka za batiri, bitanga izindi ngufu zisubira n'ibindi by'ikoranabuhanga bitandukanye.
Mu gihe ibihugu byinshi biri gukora uko bishoboye ngo bizigame bene ayo mabuye bifite ndetse bigashaka uko biyabona hagamijwe kwimakaza iterambere ry'ubukungu ry'igihe kirekire, u Rwanda na rwo rukomeje kuzamukira muri uwo murongo, ibizatuma rurinda inyungu zarwo ari na ko rukomeza guhangana ku ruhando mpuzamahanga.
Mu bindi iri tegeko ryazanye ni uko rishyira imbaraga mu bushobozi bwa Guverinoma bwo kugira uruhare cyangwa imigabane mu bikorwa by'ubucukuzi, uruhare ariko rudasaba inyungu.
Ibi bisobanuye ko mu bihe runaka Guverinoma ishobora kugira imigabane mu bikorwa by'ubucukuzi bitayisabye ko ishora amafaranga runaka. Ni ingamba zigamije kubungabunga inyungu za leta ariko zikanateza imbere ishoramari mpuzamahanga ryibanda kandi ku mahame mpuzamahanga y'ubusugire buhoraho ku mutungo w'igihugu.
Itegeko kandi ntiryibagiwe kureba ingingo ijyanye no kurengera ibidukikije n'abaturage, aho ryibanda ku mibereho myiza yabo, kurengera ibidukikije no kwita mu ihame ry'uburinganire n'ubwuzuzanye.
Ibyo byatekerejwe kugira ngo ubucukuzi bukorerwa mu Rwanda bihuze n'ubukorwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga, harebwa niba iterambere ryabwo ritazamurwa no kubangamira abaturage cyangwa kwangiza ibidukikije.
Mu bindi byatekerejweho ndetse byiza ni uko urugendo rwo guhabwa uruhushya rwo gukora ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro bizajya bikorerwa hamwe, bimwe ujya ku biro runaka ukahava serivisi uzibonye uko zakabaye nta byo gusiragira aha ngo nuhava ujye ahandi.
Ni ibintu bizatuma iyi mirimo ikorwa neza ndetse n'amanyanga arwanywe uko bishoboka.
Gusa nk'uko bimera no ku yandi mategeko akamaro iri tegeko rishya rizagirira abakora iyo mirimo bizareberwa ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryaryo.
Aha bivuze ko Urwego rw'Igihugu rushinzwe Mine, Peteroli na Gaz (RMB) rufite inshingano z'ingenzi kugira ngo rushyireho uburyo bwiza ndetse bunoze kugira ngo iri tegeko rizashyirwe mu bikorwa.
Nubwo uburyo bw'amategeko bureba ikigo runaka busobanutse, gushyira mu bikorwa ayo mabwiriza bisaba ubwitange n'ubufatanye burambye hagati ya Guverinoma, inzego z'abikorera n'abaturage.
Mu mezi ashize leta yakoze igikorwa cy'ingenzi cyo guhangana n'ibikorwa by'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro no kuyacuruza bitemewe, icyakora kugira ngo ibyo bikorwa bikomeze hakwiriye ubukangurambaga bwigisha, ni ingenzi kuko abafatanyabikorwa bose barebwa n'iryo tegeko bagomba kurimenya ariko bakanamenya inshingano zabo.
Itegeko rishya ryashyizweho ni intambwe nziza ariko kurishyira mu bikorwa ni byo bizagaragaza uko riri gukurikizwa neza no gutanga umusaruro.
Mu gihe ibihugu bitandukanye bikataje mu guteza imbere ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro ngo bibone umusaruro wisumbuye, iri tegeko rishya u Rwanda rwashyizeho rizarufasha gukomeza guhangana muri iki kibuga kigari.
Ibihano biremereye ku bikorwa by'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro bitemewe no kwimakaza imikorere irambye ifite intego, n'amategeko afasha mu kurengera inyungu za leta bigaragaza uburyo u Rwanda ruri mu murongo mwiza wo kubyaza umusaruro amahirwe yose ari mu bucukuzi.
Icyakora nk'uko bisanzwe ntabwo umusaruro w'ibyo uzava ku bijyanye n'uko ryashyizweho n'uko ryanditse gusa, ahubwo uzaturuka mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryaryo. Ahazaza h'ubucukuzi ndetse n'ubukire buzabuturukaho byose bishingiye kuri iryo tegeko.
